Synovial Joints Overview

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Questions and Answers

Which characteristic is shared by all synovial joints?

  • Motion in multiple planes
  • Bony fusion
  • A capsule containing synovial fluid (correct)
  • Cartilaginous connection

Gliding joints allow for rotational movement.

False (B)

What type of synovial joint is found at the base of the thumb?

saddle

A hinge joint allows for _ ______ _ and extension.

<p>flexion</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following synovial joint types with their respective examples:

<p>Hinge = Elbow Pivot = Atlas/axis Ball &amp; Socket = Shoulder Gliding = Intercarpal joints</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which movement is NOT possible at a hinge joint?

<p>Rotation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The hip joint is an example of a condyloid joint.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of synovial fluid within a synovial joint?

<p>lubrication</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Synovial Joints

The main joints in the body, featuring a capsule filled with synovial fluid for lubrication.

Hinge Joint

A type of synovial joint that allows movement in one plane (flexion and extension).

Pivot Joint

Allows rotation of one bone around another; a process rotates in a socket.

Gliding Joint

Joints where two flat surfaces slide against each other, allowing gliding movements.

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Saddle Joint

A joint resembling a saddle shape that allows movement in two planes.

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Condyloid Joint

A modified ball-and-socket joint allowing movement in two planes with limited rotation.

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Ball and Socket Joint

A joint where a rounded head fits into a cup-shaped cavity, allowing multi-directional movement.

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Movement Types

Different movements possible at synovial joints: flexion, extension, rotation, abduction, and adduction.

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Study Notes

Synovial Joints

  • Synovial joints are joints where the surfaces meet in a capsule, resembling an "egg-like" shape. Synovial fluid acts as a lubricant.
  • There are 6 types of synovial joints: Hinge, Pivot, Gliding, Saddle, Condyloid/Ellipsoid, and Ball & Socket.

Hinge Joint

  • Shape: Moves in one plane only.
  • Example: Interphalangeal, elbow
  • Movement: Flexion, extension

Pivot Joint

  • Shape: A process rotates in a socket.
  • Example: Atlas/axis; radius/ulna
  • Movement: Rotation

Gliding Joint

  • Shape: Two flat surfaces slide against each other.
  • Example: Intercarpal joints; also between tarsals
  • Movement: Gliding movements

Saddle Joint

  • Shape: A saddle-like ridge, the "rider" has a corresponding hollow.
  • Example: Base of thumb
  • Movement: Flexion, extension; abduction, adduction; "sort of" circumduction

Condyloid/Ellipsoid Joint

  • Shape: A modified ball & socket with an oval shaped ball.
  • Example: Radius/carpals; temporomandibular joint; metatarsals/phalanges
  • Movement: Flexion, extension; abduction, adduction; limited circumduction

Ball & Socket Joint

  • Shape: Rounded head fits in a cup-shaped cavity.
  • Example: Shoulder - humerus/scapula; Hip - femur/pelvis
  • Movement: Flexion, extension; abduction, adduction; rotation; circumduction

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