Symptoms and Conditions in Medical Practice
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Questions and Answers

What type of reactions require energy to synthesize a compound from its simplest component?

  • Anabolic reactions
  • Exergonic reactions
  • Catabolic reactions
  • Endergonic reactions (correct)
  • What is the ultimate source of energy for all living matters?

  • Starch
  • Glucose
  • ATP
  • Sunlight (correct)
  • What is the classification of a pathway that involves the breakdown of molecules?

  • Catabolic (correct)
  • Amphibolic
  • Anabolic
  • Metabolic
  • What is the purpose of oxidative phosphorylation?

    <p>To convert ADP to ATP</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the energy that results from chemical changes in an organism?

    <p>Biological Energy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the energy released from catabolic reactions used for?

    <p>To do work</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of pathway is involved in the synthesis of molecules?

    <p>Anabolic</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of pathway is involved in both the breakdown and synthesis of molecules?

    <p>Amphibolic</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the daily energy expenditure of an individual composed of?

    <p>Both BMR and energy required for physical activity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for a series of chemical reactions in a metabolic pathway?

    <p>Multistep sequence</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which nucleotide is used to supply energy in protein synthesis?

    <p>GTP</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an example of a metabolic pathway?

    <p>Glycolysis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of phosphagen in rapid ATP utilization?

    <p>Act as a donor of P to maintain ATP concentration</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of ATP compared to other nucleotides?

    <p>It contains two high energy phosphate bonds</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the energy storage form of Creatine phosphate?

    <p>Phosphate bond</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the byproduct of β-oxidation of fatty acids and glycolysis?

    <p>Acetyl CoA</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of salivary enzyme amylase in the mouth?

    <p>Hydrolyze starch into short polysaccharides and maltose</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the incorrect term among the energy-conserved biochemical molecules?

    <p>DNA</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of disaccharidases in the intestinal mucosal cells?

    <p>To break down carbohydrates into monosaccharides</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the consequence of deficient carbohydrate degradation in the small intestine?

    <p>Undigested carbohydrate passing into the large intestine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary cause of lactose intolerance?

    <p>Deficient production of lactase</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the stomach, what is the role of fiber?

    <p>To delay gastric emptying and provide a feeling of fullness</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of bacterial fermentation of undigested carbohydrates in the large intestine?

    <p>Production of large volumes of CO2 and H2 gas</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where are the disaccharidases associated with the intestinal mucosal cells?

    <p>Luminal side of the brush border membranes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the small intestine, what is the role of pancreatic amylase?

    <p>To hydrolyze starches to disaccharides and monosaccharides</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of SGLT-1?

    <p>Absorption of glucose by intestine and renal active transport</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of GLUT-2?

    <p>Transport glucose out of intestinal and renal cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the fate of simple sugars absorbed in the small intestine?

    <p>They are delivered to systemic blood</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which tissues require insulin for glucose entrance?

    <p>Adipose tissue and muscle</p> Signup and view all the answers

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