Symptoms and Conditions in Medical Practice

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Questions and Answers

What type of reactions require energy to synthesize a compound from its simplest component?

  • Anabolic reactions
  • Exergonic reactions
  • Catabolic reactions
  • Endergonic reactions (correct)

What is the ultimate source of energy for all living matters?

  • Starch
  • Glucose
  • ATP
  • Sunlight (correct)

What is the classification of a pathway that involves the breakdown of molecules?

  • Catabolic (correct)
  • Amphibolic
  • Anabolic
  • Metabolic

What is the purpose of oxidative phosphorylation?

<p>To convert ADP to ATP (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the energy that results from chemical changes in an organism?

<p>Biological Energy (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the energy released from catabolic reactions used for?

<p>To do work (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of pathway is involved in the synthesis of molecules?

<p>Anabolic (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of pathway is involved in both the breakdown and synthesis of molecules?

<p>Amphibolic (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the daily energy expenditure of an individual composed of?

<p>Both BMR and energy required for physical activity (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for a series of chemical reactions in a metabolic pathway?

<p>Multistep sequence (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which nucleotide is used to supply energy in protein synthesis?

<p>GTP (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is an example of a metabolic pathway?

<p>Glycolysis (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of phosphagen in rapid ATP utilization?

<p>Act as a donor of P to maintain ATP concentration (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of ATP compared to other nucleotides?

<p>It contains two high energy phosphate bonds (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the energy storage form of Creatine phosphate?

<p>Phosphate bond (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the byproduct of β-oxidation of fatty acids and glycolysis?

<p>Acetyl CoA (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of salivary enzyme amylase in the mouth?

<p>Hydrolyze starch into short polysaccharides and maltose (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the incorrect term among the energy-conserved biochemical molecules?

<p>DNA (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of disaccharidases in the intestinal mucosal cells?

<p>To break down carbohydrates into monosaccharides (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the consequence of deficient carbohydrate degradation in the small intestine?

<p>Undigested carbohydrate passing into the large intestine (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary cause of lactose intolerance?

<p>Deficient production of lactase (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the stomach, what is the role of fiber?

<p>To delay gastric emptying and provide a feeling of fullness (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of bacterial fermentation of undigested carbohydrates in the large intestine?

<p>Production of large volumes of CO2 and H2 gas (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where are the disaccharidases associated with the intestinal mucosal cells?

<p>Luminal side of the brush border membranes (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the small intestine, what is the role of pancreatic amylase?

<p>To hydrolyze starches to disaccharides and monosaccharides (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of SGLT-1?

<p>Absorption of glucose by intestine and renal active transport (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of GLUT-2?

<p>Transport glucose out of intestinal and renal cells (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the fate of simple sugars absorbed in the small intestine?

<p>They are delivered to systemic blood (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which tissues require insulin for glucose entrance?

<p>Adipose tissue and muscle (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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