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Sympathetic System Functions in Head and Neck

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Sympathetic System Functions in Head and Neck

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Questions and Answers

What are the effects of Horner's Syndrome?

Constriction of pupil, drooping of upper eyelid, inward displacement of the eye

Miosis, ptosis, enophthalmos, redness or flushing of the face, anhydrosis (correct)

Mydriasis, protrusion of the eye ball, increased sweat secretion, hair erection

Vasoconstriction of blood vessels, increased arterial blood pressure, dryness of the face

What happens to the blood vessels in the head and neck due to sympathetic supply?

Vasoconstriction of all blood vessels including cerebral blood vessels (correct)

Vasoconstriction of all blood vessels except cerebral blood vessels

Vasodilation of all blood vessels including cerebral blood vessels

No effect on blood vessels in the head and neck

What is the effect of sympathetic supply on the eye?

Results in persistent vasodilation and increased sweat secretion

Causes pupillodilation and widening of the palpebral fissure (correct)

Causes pupil constriction and drooping of the upper eyelid

Leads to inward displacement of the eye and dryness of the face

What effect does sympathetic supply have on heart stimulation?

<p>Stimulation of all cardiac properties</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of sympathetic supply to salivary glands?

<p>Trophic secretory fibers leading to secretion of concentrated small viscous saliva rich in enzyme</p> Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Effects of Horner's Syndrome

Ipsilateral ptosis (drooping of the eyelid), enophthalmos (sunken eye), and anhidrosis (decreased sweating) on the same side as the lesion
Loss of sympathetic innervation to the face, resulting in unequal pupils and facial sweating

Sympathetic Supply to Blood Vessels

Causes vasoconstriction (narrowing of blood vessels) in the head and neck, diverting blood flow to more essential areas
Increases blood pressure and heart rate during the "fight or flight" response

Sympathetic Supply to the Eye

Dilates the pupil (mydriasis) and increases intraocular pressure
Relaxation of ciliary muscle, allowing the lens to focus on distant objects

Sympathetic Supply to Heart Stimulation

Increases heart rate and stroke volume, enhancing cardiac output
Enhances ventricular contraction force, further increasing cardiac output

Sympathetic Supply to Salivary Glands

Inhibits salivary secretions, reducing saliva production and resulting in dry mouth (xerostomia)

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Description

Test your knowledge of the sympathetic system's effects on the head and neck, including its impact on the eyes, eyelids, and salivary glands.