70 Questions
Which type of locomotion is predominant in swimming?
Gliders
What is the density of water compared to air?
1:800
What is the Reynolds number used to predict in swimming?
Ratio of inertial vs. viscous forces
What is the formula for Reynolds number (Re)?
Re = Body Length · Speed · Density of Water / Viscosity of Water
What does the Reynolds number (Re) predict in swimming?
Ease of locomotion in a fluid medium
What is the relationship between Reynolds number (Re) and inertial forces?
Directly proportional
What is the relationship between Reynolds number (Re) and viscous forces?
Inversely proportional
What Reynolds number (Re) value indicates that a fish moves forward?
Re > 1
What is the Reynolds number (Re) used to predict in swimming?
Ratio of inertial vs. viscous forces
What is the relationship between Reynolds number (Re) and body size?
Directly proportional
Which mode of swimming is characterized by the undulation of the posterior 1/3 to 1/2 of the body?
Sub-Carangiform
Which type of fish propulsion mode is associated with undulation of the posterior 1/3 of the body and an increase in wave amplitude anterior to the tail?
Carangiform
Which type of fish propulsion mode is associated with oscillation of the tail and is commonly seen in billfish and lamnid sharks?
Thunniform
Which type of fish propulsion mode is associated with sculling using the caudal fin and is commonly seen in boxfish?
Ostraciform
Which type of fish propulsion mode involves the use of median and/or paired fins for swimming?
Fins Alone (MPF)
What is the relationship between power and muscle mass in fish?
Power is directly proportional to muscle mass
What is the relationship between drag and velocity in fish?
Drag is directly proportional to velocity
What is the relationship between body mass and surface area in fish?
Body mass is unrelated to surface area
What is the relationship between power and body mass in fish?
Power is directly proportional to body mass
What is the relationship between body mass and surface area ratio in fish?
Body mass is inversely proportional to surface area ratio
Which fish species has the highest sprinting swimming speed?
Brown trout
Which fish species has the lowest metabolic costs of locomotion per unit body mass?
Sockeye salmon
What is the unit of measurement for expressing metabolic costs of locomotion?
litres of O2 ·kg-1 ·km-1
What is Ucrit in the context of swimming speed?
Critical swimming speed
What is the unit of measurement for expressing costs of locomotion per unit body mass?
Kcal·kg-1 ·km-1
What is the OCLTT model used for?
Evaluating swimming bioenergetics
What are PIT tags used for in fish research?
Tracking individual fish
What type of muscle is responsible for burst swimming?
White muscle
What is the main function of fins in swimming?
All of the above
What type of force is greater than viscous forces in swimming?
Inertial forces
Which type of locomotion is associated with larval fishes?
Drifters
What is the ratio used to predict the relative ease of locomotion in a fluid medium?
Reynolds number (Re)
What is the formula for Reynolds number (Re)?
Re = Body Length · Speed · Density of Water / Viscosity of Water
What does the Reynolds number (Re) predict in swimming?
Inertial Forces
What is the relationship between Reynolds number (Re) and body size?
Re is proportional to body size
What type of force is exerted in the opposite direction to movement in swimming?
Drag
What is the main consequence of water as a medium for locomotion compared to air?
Higher density
What is the unit of measurement for expressing drag in swimming?
Newton (N)
What is the unit of measurement for expressing density of water compared to air?
Kilogram per cubic meter (kg/m^3)
What is the unit of measurement for expressing viscosity of water compared to air?
Pascal second (Pa·s)
Which fish species has the highest swimming speed endurance?
Sockeye salmon
What is the unit of measurement for expressing metabolic costs of locomotion?
Litres of O2 ·kg-1 ·km-1
What is the main function of fins in swimming?
All of the above
What is the relationship between body mass and surface area ratio in fish?
Inversely proportional
What is the formula for Reynolds number (Re)?
Re = (density * velocity * length) / viscosity
What is Ucrit in the context of swimming speed?
The critical swimming speed at which a fish can no longer maintain position
What is the relationship between drag and velocity in fish?
Directly proportional
What is the density of water compared to air?
Higher
What is the unit of measurement for expressing costs of locomotion per unit body mass?
Kcal·kg-1 ·km-1
What type of muscle is responsible for burst swimming?
White Muscle
Which type of fish propulsion mode involves the undulation of the posterior 1/3 of the body and an increase in wave amplitude anterior to the tail?
Carangiform
What is the relationship between body mass and surface area ratio in fish?
Inversely proportional
What is the formula for Reynolds number (Re)?
$Re = \frac{\text{viscous forces}}{\text{inertial forces}}$
What is the OCLTT model used for?
Assessing fish passage
Which type of fish propulsion mode is associated with sculling using the caudal fin and is commonly seen in boxfish?
Ostraciform
What does the Reynolds number (Re) predict in swimming?
Drag force
What is the relationship between drag and velocity in fish?
Directly proportional
Which type of fish propulsion mode involves the use of median and/or paired fins for swimming?
Fins Alone (MPF)
Which type of fish propulsion mode is associated with oscillation of the tail and is commonly seen in billfish and lamnid sharks?
Thunniform
What is the relationship between Reynolds number (Re) and body size?
Directly proportional
True or false: Drifters and gliders are types of locomotion in swimming?
True
True or false: Water has a higher density than air?
True
True or false: Inertial forces in swimming are greater than viscous forces?
True
True or false: Eels have a cost of transport 4-5 times less than salmonids.
True
True or false: Thunniform swimming is characterized by oscillation of the tail and is commonly seen in billfish and lamnid sharks.
True
True or false: Carangiform swimming involves undulation of the posterior 1/3 of the body and an increase in wave amplitude anterior to the tail.
True
True or false: Swim performance can be affected by barriers to migration, toxicants, angling, and non-retention fishing.
True
True or false: The OCLTT model is used to assess the effects of temperature on swimming.
True
True or false: The costs of locomotion per unit body mass decrease with larger body sizes.
True
True or false: The critical swimming speed can be used to estimate the standard metabolic rate.
True
Test your knowledge on the various types of locomotion in swimming, including drifters, burrowers, walkers, gliders, and fliers. Explore the life cycle of the European eel and learn about their impressive 500km larval journey. Take the quiz now and dive into the world of swimming biomechanics.
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