after sun product

What is the primary requirement for initiating a physical or chemical process upon interaction with sunlight?

Which region shows strong absorption of chromophores in human skin?

Which of the following is an example of a chromophore with strong absorption in human skin?

What can human skin be described as, in terms of its abundance of chromophores?

What is a major consequence of skin irradiation with ultraviolet radiation (UVR)?

How does UVR lead to DNA damage?

What is the primary effect of increased Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) production due to UVR exposure?

Which part of the skin undergoes major changes due to UVR exposure?

What is a major consequence of prolonged sun exposure on the skin?

Why is appropriate skin care recommended even after a sunbath without visible signs of erythema?

How does ultraviolet radiation (UVR) lead to DNA damage?

Which part of the skin undergoes major changes due to exposure to ultraviolet radiation (UVR)?

What are the most common forms of after-sun formulations?

Which of the following is NOT an example of an active ingredient usually found in after-sun formulations?

What are some common compounds found in after-sun formulations?

What is a typical source of active ingredients in after-sun formulations?

What is the primary purpose of using effective moisturizers in after sun preparations?

Which part of the skin undergoes major changes due to exposure to ultraviolet radiation (UVR)?

What is a major consequence of prolonged sun exposure on the skin?

How does ultraviolet radiation (UVR) lead to DNA damage?

What is the primary purpose of incorporating anti-inflammatory substances into after-sun formulations?

What are some common compounds found in after-sun formulations?

Why is appropriate skin care recommended even after a sunbath without visible signs of erythema?

What is a major consequence of skin irradiation with ultraviolet radiation (UVR)?

What property of Witch Hazel makes it effective for skin and recognized for its soothing properties?

What category has Witch Hazel been approved for as an OTC product?

What effect does Witch Hazel have on erythema (skin redness)?

What contributes to the low toxicity profile of Witch Hazel?

What is the primary benefit of aloe vera gel in after sun products?

What is the main effect of ultraviolet radiation (UVR) on the skin?

What is the primary reason for recommending appropriate skin care even after a sunbath without visible signs of erythema?

What is the major consequence of prolonged sun exposure on the skin?

Why are cooling agents like menthol and alcohol incorporated into after-sun products?

What is the primary benefit of incorporating camphor into after-sun products?

What is the purpose of using cooling agents in after-sun formulations?

What effect do cooling agents in after-sun products have on sun-irritated skin?

What is the primary purpose of using antioxidants in after-sun preparations?

Which of the following substances is NOT mentioned as an example of an antioxidant used in after-sun preparations?

What is the main focus of incorporating vitamins A, C, and E series into after-sun preparations?

What is the purpose of using plant polyphenols from green tea in after-sun preparations?

What type of antioxidants are found in the human skin?

Which skin layer would benefit the most from increased antioxidant capacity?

Which of the following is a hydrophilic antioxidant found in the human skin?

What type of antioxidants are ubiquinones and carotenoids categorized as in the human skin?

What is the main role of green tea extract when applied topically for UV protection?

Which chemical constituent of green tea is specifically mentioned to reduce UV-carcinogenesis in animal models?

What is the primary function of green tea polyphenols in relation to UV protection?

Which chemical constituent of green tea is NOT mentioned in the text?

What is the primary benefit of shea butter in skin care products?

Which compound found in shea butter is responsible for activating cellular growth stimulation?

What is the main effect of shea butter on skin regeneration?

What is the role of shea butter's antioxidant butylated hydroxytoluene in skin care?

What is the effect of painting extra virgin olive oil (EVOO) on the skin immediately after UVB radiation?

Which component of olive oil has been found to reduce ROS-induced skin damage?

What has generated a renewed interest in artificial tanning products?

What are the better formulations of sunless or self-tanners with improved aesthetics more widely available for?

What is the primary role of dihydroxyacetone (DHA) in sunless or self-tanners?

What is the site of action for dihydroxyacetone (DHA) in the skin?

What happens to dihydroxyacetone (DHA) when heated to effect a solution in alcohol, ether, or acetone?

What is the classification of dihydroxyacetone (DHA) in the International Cosmetic Ingredient Dictionary and Handbook?

What is the usual concentration range of DHA in self-tanning products?

What is the function of formulating with silicones in self-tanning products?

How does minimizing the particle size of the micelles in the emulsion improve the formulation of self-tanning products?

In which type of emulsion is DHA predominantly formulated for self-tanning products?

What type of products are more readily accepted by consumers than creams, due to ease of spreadability and aesthetics?

Which type of skin would be more suitable for products formulated in gel or alcoholic vehicles?

Which type of products may produce a more intense tan due to greater applied film thickness?

What type of skin care products would be most suitable for dry-skin types by the addition of emollients and humectants?

What is the primary effect of dihydroxyacetone (DHA) on SPF in sunless or self-tanners?

What is the classification of dihydroxyacetone (DHA) in the International Cosmetic Ingredient Dictionary and Handbook?

What contributes to the low toxicity profile of Witch Hazel?

How does ultraviolet radiation (UVR) lead to DNA damage in the skin?