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Questions and Answers
What was a primary factor that allowed factories to move closer to urban centers in the mid-nineteenth century?
What was a primary factor that allowed factories to move closer to urban centers in the mid-nineteenth century?
During which period did the urban population of the United States experience rapid growth?
During which period did the urban population of the United States experience rapid growth?
Which of the following cities was primarily defined by the steel industry?
Which of the following cities was primarily defined by the steel industry?
What were common challenges faced by urban areas during rapid population growth?
What were common challenges faced by urban areas during rapid population growth?
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What significant innovations influenced urbanization around the turn of the century?
What significant innovations influenced urbanization around the turn of the century?
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Which of the following best explains why cities developed unique characters based on their industries?
Which of the following best explains why cities developed unique characters based on their industries?
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What major factor contributed to the low hourly wages in urban jobs during the mid-nineteenth century?
What major factor contributed to the low hourly wages in urban jobs during the mid-nineteenth century?
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What social issues were intensified by rapid urban expansion?
What social issues were intensified by rapid urban expansion?
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What effect did Henry Ford's popularization of the automobile have on American families?
What effect did Henry Ford's popularization of the automobile have on American families?
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Which federal initiative contributed to the suburban phenomenon in the twentieth century?
Which federal initiative contributed to the suburban phenomenon in the twentieth century?
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Which magazine specifically catered to the interests of middle-class women in maintaining their homes?
Which magazine specifically catered to the interests of middle-class women in maintaining their homes?
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What was a common expectation for middle-class women during the time period described?
What was a common expectation for middle-class women during the time period described?
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What was the significance of colleges like Radcliffe and Pembroke during the late 1800s?
What was the significance of colleges like Radcliffe and Pembroke during the late 1800s?
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What type of environment did the first women's colleges provide?
What type of environment did the first women's colleges provide?
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How did the introduction of easily prepared food impact women during this period?
How did the introduction of easily prepared food impact women during this period?
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Which profession was MOST frequently pursued by college-educated women during this time?
Which profession was MOST frequently pursued by college-educated women during this time?
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What were some of the 'push' factors that influenced the newer immigrants from southern and eastern European countries?
What were some of the 'push' factors that influenced the newer immigrants from southern and eastern European countries?
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What was the most significant industrial advancement mentioned in the content?
What was the most significant industrial advancement mentioned in the content?
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What was a characteristic feature of the early women’s colleges established in the late 1800s?
What was a characteristic feature of the early women’s colleges established in the late 1800s?
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Which material became preferred over iron due to its increased strength and durability?
Which material became preferred over iron due to its increased strength and durability?
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What was a significant reason many of the newer immigrants settled in port towns?
What was a significant reason many of the newer immigrants settled in port towns?
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By 1900, what was the approximate annual production of steel in the United States?
By 1900, what was the approximate annual production of steel in the United States?
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By 1890, what percentage of New York's population was foreign-born or children of foreign-born parents?
By 1890, what percentage of New York's population was foreign-born or children of foreign-born parents?
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What role did Ellis Island play in the immigration process during the late 19th and early 20th centuries?
What role did Ellis Island play in the immigration process during the late 19th and early 20th centuries?
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What effect did the increased production of steel have on its price?
What effect did the increased production of steel have on its price?
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What health inspections did immigrants undergo upon arrival at Ellis Island?
What health inspections did immigrants undergo upon arrival at Ellis Island?
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Which industry relied heavily on cheap and abundant steel for its growth and development?
Which industry relied heavily on cheap and abundant steel for its growth and development?
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What percentage of arriving immigrants were typically denied entry into the United States?
What percentage of arriving immigrants were typically denied entry into the United States?
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What was the primary indicator of industrial growth and stability through the end of World War II?
What was the primary indicator of industrial growth and stability through the end of World War II?
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Which process allowed for larger and hotter furnaces needed to produce steel?
Which process allowed for larger and hotter furnaces needed to produce steel?
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Why did many immigrants form ethnic enclaves in American cities?
Why did many immigrants form ethnic enclaves in American cities?
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What was a common characteristic of the immigrant experience upon arriving in America?
What was a common characteristic of the immigrant experience upon arriving in America?
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What main factor contributed to the accelerated westward movement of Americans?
What main factor contributed to the accelerated westward movement of Americans?
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Which of the following was NOT a significant industrialist mentioned in the content?
Which of the following was NOT a significant industrialist mentioned in the content?
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What was a crucial step in Andrew Carnegie's rise to wealth?
What was a crucial step in Andrew Carnegie's rise to wealth?
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Which industry did Andrew Carnegie eventually transform during his career?
Which industry did Andrew Carnegie eventually transform during his career?
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How did Andrew Carnegie's early job experiences influence his career?
How did Andrew Carnegie's early job experiences influence his career?
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What role did entrepreneurs play in the industrial revolution according to the content?
What role did entrepreneurs play in the industrial revolution according to the content?
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The phrase 'rags-to-riches' is most closely associated with which individual's story?
The phrase 'rags-to-riches' is most closely associated with which individual's story?
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Which event significantly increased Carnegie’s wealth during his early career?
Which event significantly increased Carnegie’s wealth during his early career?
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What was a primary purpose of establishing Baltimore Polytechnic Institute in 1883?
What was a primary purpose of establishing Baltimore Polytechnic Institute in 1883?
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How did the availability of public land and federal funds through the Morrill Acts impact education?
How did the availability of public land and federal funds through the Morrill Acts impact education?
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Which trend was observed in the public school enrollment from 1870 to 1920?
Which trend was observed in the public school enrollment from 1870 to 1920?
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What significant change in schooling occurred with the growth of larger schools?
What significant change in schooling occurred with the growth of larger schools?
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What was one effect of the Morrill Acts on student enrollment in colleges?
What was one effect of the Morrill Acts on student enrollment in colleges?
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In the context of education changes, what shift occurred in college curricula during this period?
In the context of education changes, what shift occurred in college curricula during this period?
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Which statement describes the growth of high schools from 1860 to 1900?
Which statement describes the growth of high schools from 1860 to 1900?
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Which group primarily benefited from the educational opportunities presented by the growth of public schools and land-grant colleges?
Which group primarily benefited from the educational opportunities presented by the growth of public schools and land-grant colleges?
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Study Notes
Summary of US History (1865-1920)
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Reconstruction Era (1865-1877): A period of rebuilding the South after the Civil War, marked by political and social upheaval.
- Lincoln's lenient approach to the defeated Southern states.
- Radical Republicans pushed for more intense measures to protect the rights of formerly enslaved people.
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Presidential Reconstruction: Led by Andrew Johnson, who faced opposition from Radical Republicans.
- Aiming for a more lenient approach to restoring Southern states to the Union.
- Vetoing legislation intended to protect the rights of freed slaves and grant them citizenship.
- Faced impeachment proceedings due to controversies over his actions.
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Racial Tensions: Continued racial prejudice and violence against African Americans in the South
- Rise of the Ku Klux Klan and other white supremacist groups.
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Industrialization Surge: Rapid advancements in technology, industrialization, and urbanization.
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Urbanization: Population explosion in cities, accompanied by social problems such as overcrowding, poor sanitation and disease.
- New technologies, like electric lights and power machinery, enabled 24/7 factory operations.
- Millions of immigrants from Europe and other parts of the world sought opportunities and better lives.
- Many faced harsh living, working conditions, and discrimination.
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Progressive Era (1890-1920): A period of social and political reform, marked by efforts to improve living conditions, regulate big businesses and combat corruption.
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Muckrakers exposed social problems and spurred public outcry for reforms.
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Labor movements aimed at better working conditions and worker's rights.
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The rise of political machines and the issue of corruption became a national concern.
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The Progressive Era: Progressives worked for reforms like the initiative, referendum, and recall and better working conditions for women and children.
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The rise of big business: Industrial titans like Andrew Carnegie and John D. Rockefeller amassed great fortunes, leading to concerns about monopolies.
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Immigration and National Identity: The rise of large immigrant communities, particularly from Southern and Eastern Europe, challenged the existing American identity.
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Early 20th Century Wars (Spanish-American War, World War I): These conflicts intensified tensions, fostered national pride (in various ways), but also exposed the difficulties and consequences of rapid change.
- The Spanish-American War expanded U.S. influence in the Western Hemisphere.
- The outbreak of World War I caused great economic changes in the U.S. and drew the nation into the conflicts.
- The role of labor in support of the war and issues related to civil rights.
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Women's Suffrage: The fight for women's right to vote gained momentum, partially due to the influence of the Progressive movement.
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African-American Leadership:
- Booker T. Washington's "Atlanta Compromise" approach
- W.E.B. Du Bois's radical activism.
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The 1912 Election: Roosevelt's third-party bid split the Republican party and paved the way for Woodrow Wilson's election.
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The End of Reconstruction (1877-End of 19th century):
- The return to what was called "normalcy" meant retreating from the social reforms, or "reviving" aspects of pre-war American society.
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World War I (1917-1918): A global conflict that significantly shaped the political, social, and economic landscape of the United States.
- The causes of the war, U.S. involvement, the war's impact on the home front including the influenza epidemic and economic distress and wartime propaganda efforts.
- The role of labor and African Americans in the war effort.
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Post-War America: The aftermath of wartime, with the challenges of readjustment.
- Issues of racial tension and prejudice.
- The desire for "normalcy" and the backlash against social reform.
- Impact of the influenza epidemic.
- The economic challenges and the ongoing issue of labor disputes.
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Description
Explore the key events and themes in US history from the end of the Civil War to the early 20th century. This quiz covers the Reconstruction Era, racial tensions, industrialization, and urbanization. Test your understanding of how these significant developments shaped modern America.
