61 Questions
Which type of carbohydrate is used by plants to store energy?
Starch
What is the main function of cellulose in the diet of humans?
Adds bulk to food and aids digestion
Which type of molecule is denatured when exposed to extreme pH or high temperature?
Proteins
What is the primary structure of a protein?
Order of amino acids
Which lipid type acts as a protection for plant leaves and as a building material for animals like bees?
Waxes
What do phospholipids compose in biological systems?
Cell membrane
Which vitamin is considered a fat-soluble vitamin and plays a role in vision?
Vitamin D
What is the main function of fats in living organisms?
Storage of energy
Which component of a lipid molecule consists of chains of hydrocarbons?
Fatty acids
What happens to proteins when they lose their conformation?
They denature and lose functionality
Which type of carbohydrate is sweet in taste and solid at room temperature?
Starch
What is the main function of steroids in living organisms?
Creating hormones
What is the main function of carbohydrates in the human body?
Produce energy
Which organic molecule is responsible for genetic coding?
Nucleic acids
What determines the properties of an organic molecule?
The type of functional group it has
What are polymers made up of?
Small repeating units called monomers
Which monosaccharide is considered a simple sugar?
Monosaccharide
How many saccharides make up an oligosaccharide?
Three to 10
In carbohydrates, what is the typical ratio of hydrogen to oxygen atoms?
2:1 (Hydrogen:Oxygen)
What is true about lipids?
They store energy and are involved in signaling
What distinguishes monosaccharides from polysaccharides?
Monosaccharides are simple sugars, while polysaccharides are made up of many monosaccharides.
Why are nucleic acids important in living organisms?
To carry genetic information and code for proteins.
How do functional groups affect the properties of organic molecules?
They influence the bonding patterns and reactivity.
What is the primary purpose of proteins in the human body?
To form structural components like hair and bones.
What type of organic molecule is primarily responsible for storing energy and serving as a biological signaling molecule?
Lipids
Which class of organic molecules is used in structures like hair, skin, and bones in the human body?
Proteins
How many saccharides are typically found in an oligosaccharide?
Three to 10
What characteristic distinguishes a monosaccharide from a polysaccharide?
Number of saccharides
What determines the properties of an organic molecule?
Functional groups and bonding pattern
In which class of organic molecules do polymers primarily exist?
Carbohydrates
What type of sugar molecule is mainly used for dietary energy?
Monosaccharides
Which chemical element is found in carbohydrates almost twice as much as oxygen?
Hydrogen
What is the main function of polysaccharides in living organisms?
Energy storage
Which term describes large complex molecules made up of small repeating units known as monomers?
Polymers
How many saccharides make up a polysaccharide?
More than 10
Which class of organic molecules are primarily used to produce energy?
Carbohydrates
What is the primary function of cellulose in the diet of humans?
Adding bulk to food
What do chaperone proteins assist in regarding protein molecules?
Aiding in the folding process
How are lipids primarily used in the human body?
For energy storage
Which lipid type is known for creating hormones and transporting them throughout the body?
Steroids
What happens to proteins if they are exposed to extreme pH or high temperature?
They undergo denaturation and lose their conformation
Which type of organic molecule is hydrophilic and can easily dissolve in water?
Carbohydrates
What is the primary role of triglycerides in living organisms?
Storing energy
What is the primary function of lipids in the human body?
Producing energy
Which type of molecule is denatured when exposed to extreme pH or high temperature?
Proteins
What distinguishes disaccharides from polysaccharides?
Number of monomers
How many saccharides make up an oligosaccharide?
3 to 10
What is the primary role of nucleic acids in living organisms?
Genetic coding
Which property determines the function of a functional group in an organic molecule?
Bonding pattern
What is the main function of polysaccharides in living organisms?
Energy storage
What is the primary function of glycogen in animals?
Storing energy
Which level of protein structure is determined by the three-dimensional arrangement of amino acids?
Tertiary structure
What is the main function of waxes in biological systems?
Acting as protection
What happens to a protein when it denatures?
It loses its conformation and becomes inactive
Which type of vitamin is classified as a fat-soluble vitamin?
Vitamin A
What is the primary role of phospholipids in biological systems?
Building cell membranes
Which characteristic distinguishes carbohydrates as a preferred energy source?
Ability to enter the bloodstream easily
In which category do fats belong within lipids?
Triglycerides
What is the characteristic feature of cellulose that makes it indigestible by humans?
It forms beta sheets.
What do chaperone proteins assist proteins with after translation?
Folding into tertiary structure
What role do steroids play in living organisms?
Hormone creation and transportation
Learn about the four classes of organic molecules in the human body: carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids. Understand their essential functions and roles within the body, including energy production, storage, and genetic coding.
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