Summary of Organic Molecules in the Human Body
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Questions and Answers

Which type of carbohydrate is used by plants to store energy?

  • Glycogen
  • Starch (correct)
  • Glucose
  • Cellulose

    • What is the main function of cellulose in the diet of humans?

  • Provides immediate energy
  • Supports brain function
  • Helps in muscle repair
  • Adds bulk to food and aids digestion (correct)

    • Which type of molecule is denatured when exposed to extreme pH or high temperature?

  • Carbohydrates
  • Proteins (correct)
  • Nucleic Acids
  • Lipids

    • What is the primary structure of a protein?

    <p>Order of amino acids</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which lipid type acts as a protection for plant leaves and as a building material for animals like bees?

    <p>Waxes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do phospholipids compose in biological systems?

    <p>Cell membrane</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which vitamin is considered a fat-soluble vitamin and plays a role in vision?

    <p>Vitamin D</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of fats in living organisms?

    <p>Storage of energy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which component of a lipid molecule consists of chains of hydrocarbons?

    <p>Fatty acids</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to proteins when they lose their conformation?

    <p>They denature and lose functionality</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of carbohydrate is sweet in taste and solid at room temperature?

    <p>Starch</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of steroids in living organisms?

    <p>Creating hormones</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of carbohydrates in the human body?

    <p>Produce energy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which organic molecule is responsible for genetic coding?

    <p>Nucleic acids</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What determines the properties of an organic molecule?

    <p>The type of functional group it has</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are polymers made up of?

    <p>Small repeating units called monomers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which monosaccharide is considered a simple sugar?

    <p>Monosaccharide</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many saccharides make up an oligosaccharide?

    <p>Three to 10</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In carbohydrates, what is the typical ratio of hydrogen to oxygen atoms?

    <p>2:1 (Hydrogen:Oxygen)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is true about lipids?

    <p>They store energy and are involved in signaling</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes monosaccharides from polysaccharides?

    <p>Monosaccharides are simple sugars, while polysaccharides are made up of many monosaccharides.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why are nucleic acids important in living organisms?

    <p>To carry genetic information and code for proteins.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do functional groups affect the properties of organic molecules?

    <p>They influence the bonding patterns and reactivity.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of proteins in the human body?

    <p>To form structural components like hair and bones.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of organic molecule is primarily responsible for storing energy and serving as a biological signaling molecule?

    <p>Lipids</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which class of organic molecules is used in structures like hair, skin, and bones in the human body?

    <p>Proteins</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many saccharides are typically found in an oligosaccharide?

    <p>Three to 10</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What characteristic distinguishes a monosaccharide from a polysaccharide?

    <p>Number of saccharides</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What determines the properties of an organic molecule?

    <p>Functional groups and bonding pattern</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which class of organic molecules do polymers primarily exist?

    <p>Carbohydrates</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of sugar molecule is mainly used for dietary energy?

    <p>Monosaccharides</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which chemical element is found in carbohydrates almost twice as much as oxygen?

    <p>Hydrogen</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of polysaccharides in living organisms?

    <p>Energy storage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which term describes large complex molecules made up of small repeating units known as monomers?

    <p>Polymers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many saccharides make up a polysaccharide?

    <p>More than 10</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which class of organic molecules are primarily used to produce energy?

    <p>Carbohydrates</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of cellulose in the diet of humans?

    <p>Adding bulk to food</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do chaperone proteins assist in regarding protein molecules?

    <p>Aiding in the folding process</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How are lipids primarily used in the human body?

    <p>For energy storage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which lipid type is known for creating hormones and transporting them throughout the body?

    <p>Steroids</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to proteins if they are exposed to extreme pH or high temperature?

    <p>They undergo denaturation and lose their conformation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of organic molecule is hydrophilic and can easily dissolve in water?

    <p>Carbohydrates</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of triglycerides in living organisms?

    <p>Storing energy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of lipids in the human body?

    <p>Producing energy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of molecule is denatured when exposed to extreme pH or high temperature?

    <p>Proteins</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes disaccharides from polysaccharides?

    <p>Number of monomers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many saccharides make up an oligosaccharide?

    <p>3 to 10</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of nucleic acids in living organisms?

    <p>Genetic coding</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which property determines the function of a functional group in an organic molecule?

    <p>Bonding pattern</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of polysaccharides in living organisms?

    <p>Energy storage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of glycogen in animals?

    <p>Storing energy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which level of protein structure is determined by the three-dimensional arrangement of amino acids?

    <p>Tertiary structure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of waxes in biological systems?

    <p>Acting as protection</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to a protein when it denatures?

    <p>It loses its conformation and becomes inactive</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of vitamin is classified as a fat-soluble vitamin?

    <p>Vitamin A</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of phospholipids in biological systems?

    <p>Building cell membranes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which characteristic distinguishes carbohydrates as a preferred energy source?

    <p>Ability to enter the bloodstream easily</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which category do fats belong within lipids?

    <p>Triglycerides</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic feature of cellulose that makes it indigestible by humans?

    <p>It forms beta sheets.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do chaperone proteins assist proteins with after translation?

    <p>Folding into tertiary structure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role do steroids play in living organisms?

    <p>Hormone creation and transportation</p> Signup and view all the answers

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