Questions and Answers
Which of these are key organic molecules of life?
What is the carbohydrate monomer?
glucose
What is the polymer of carbohydrates?
Polysaccharide: starches, glycogen, cellulose
What are the monomers of lipids?
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What are the polymers of lipids?
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What is the monomer of nucleic acids?
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What is the polymer of nucleic acids?
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What is the monomer of proteins?
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What is the polymer of proteins?
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The monomer of carbohydrates is ____.
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The monomer of nucleic acid includes adenine, guanine, cytosine, thymine, and ____.
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What are the examples of monomers?
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What are polysaccharides?
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What is a phospholipid?
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Which of the following are organic compounds?
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Inorganic compounds contain carbon.
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Define a monomer.
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Define a polymer.
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What is activation energy?
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What is an enzyme?
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Study Notes
Key Organic Molecules
- Four main organic molecules essential for life: lipids, proteins, amino acids, carbohydrates.
Carbohydrates
- Monomer of carbohydrates: glucose, a monosaccharide crucial for energy.
- Polymers of carbohydrates: polysaccharides include starch, glycogen, and cellulose.
- Starch and cellulose are derived from plants, while glycogen is animal-derived.
Lipids
- Monomers of lipids: glycerol and fatty acids.
- Polymers of lipids include saturated fats, unsaturated fats, phospholipids, and steroids.
- Phospholipids are vital components of cell membranes and consist of glycerol, a phosphate group, and fatty acid chains.
Nucleic Acids
- Monomer of nucleic acids: nucleotide, which includes bases such as adenine, guanine, cytosine, thymine, and uracil.
- Polymers of nucleic acids: DNA and RNA, which store and transmit genetic information.
Proteins
- Monomer of proteins: amino acids, the building blocks of proteins.
- Polymer of proteins: polypeptide chains formed by peptide bonds between amino acids.
Additional Concepts
- Monomers are small molecules that bond to form larger polymers.
- Polymers are large organic molecules composed of repeating monomers, making up macromolecules.
- Organic compounds, including proteins, nucleic acids, carbohydrates, and lipids, are based on carbon.
- Inorganic compounds, such as water and oxygen, do not contain carbon.
- Activation energy is the minimum energy needed for a reaction to occur.
- Enzymes lower activation energy, facilitating reactions by binding substrates at their active sites.
Lipids Functions
- Serve three primary roles in cells: energy storage, structural components of cell membranes, and cell signaling molecules, particularly steroid hormones.
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Description
This quiz covers the fundamental monomers and polymers of four key organic molecules essential for life: carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids. Test your knowledge on various terms and definitions related to these biological macromolecules.