Questions and Answers
What is the difference between ma'rifa and 'ilm?
Ma'rifa is the servant's knowledge of liminal essences while 'ilm is related to philosophy and logic
What is the essence of the highest sphere?
The reflection or image
What is the function of the heart in the Sufi tradition?
To reflect the essence of Truth in the mirror of the highest sphere
How is Ghazali distinguished from other Sufis?
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What is the opposite of knowledgel?
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What is the servant's knowledge of liminal essences and their reflections in the mirrors of the world called?
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What prevented Ghazali from attempting to state the knowledge of the states (knowledge of unity) in an articulate form?
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Study Notes
- The servant witnesses the closest state of perfection that corresponds to the reflection of the essence of Truth in the mirror of the highest sphere.
- The reflection or image constitutes the essence of the highest sphere and invests other spheres with imaginal essences.
- The servant's knowledge of these liminal essences and their reflections in the mirrors of the world is called ma'rifa.
- Ma'rifa is distinguished from 'ilm, which is related to the world.
- Knowledgel concerns the thing itself, while knowledge2 concerns the qualities, conditions, or states of its object.
- Ghazali possessed knowledge of philosophy and logic, which distinguishes him from other Sufis.
- Ghazali was well-versed in knowledge2 and was also taught discipline of the mind and the soul by knowledge1.
- The contrary of knowledgel is denial or failure to acknowledge.
- Ghazali arrived at the knowledge of the states (knowledge of unity) but was prevented from attempting to state it in an articulate form.
- The heart functions as a reflecting mirror in the Sufi tradition.
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