Substance Use Disorders

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Questions and Answers

How does stimulation of opioid receptors lead to increased dopamine levels?

By directly synthesizing dopamine in the brain.
By increasing the rate of dopamine transport across the blood-brain barrier.
By decreasing the inhibition of dopamine pathways. (correct)
By stimulating the release of dopamine from storage vesicles.

Which of the following best describes the role of artificial substances in altering natural satiety mechanisms?

They enhance satiety signals, leading to decreased consumption.
They mimic natural satiety signals, preventing overconsumption.
They circumvent natural satiety mechanisms, leading to chronically elevated dopamine levels and desensitization. (correct)
They have no significant impact on natural satiety mechanisms.

Which scenario exemplifies how substance use interferes with role obligations, indicating a substance use disorder?

A student uses a substance to enhance academic performance.
A parent repeatedly fails to pick up their children from school due to being impaired by a substance. (correct)
An employee attends a social event and consumes alcohol responsibly.
An individual occasionally uses a substance to relax after work.

Why might someone with a substance use disorder spend an excessive amount of time trying to procure the substance?

Because obtaining the substance becomes a central focus, driven by cravings and the need to avoid withdrawal. (B) Signup and view all the answers

What does it mean when an individual with a substance use disorder develops tolerance?

They feel less of the substance's effects, requiring more to achieve the desired effect. (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following scenarios best illustrates "substance intoxication"?

Developing a reversible syndrome of symptoms, such as impaired judgment, following excessive use of a substance. (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is a key characteristic of substance withdrawal?

The development of substance-specific symptoms upon abrupt reduction or discontinuation of a substance. (B) Signup and view all the answers

How do stimulant drugs primarily affect neurotransmitter activity in the brain?

By blocking the reuptake of certain neurotransmitters, leading to increased activity. (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is a key difference between intoxication from amphetamines/cocaine and caffeine?

Amphetamine/cocaine intoxication can cause severe changes in vital signs, even death, while caffeine intoxication mainly causes restlessness and insomnia. (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is a potential symptom of withdrawal from nicotine?

Anxiety, difficulty concentrating, and increased appetite. (B) Signup and view all the answers

Why is it important to consider the half-life of an opioid when assessing opioid intoxication?

The half-life helps predict the duration of the drug's effects. (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between initial euphoria and later symptoms in opioid intoxication?

Initial euphoria is often followed by apathy, dysphoria, and impaired judgment. (B) Signup and view all the answers

What differentiates withdrawal symptoms from short-acting opioids like heroin compared to long-acting opioids like methadone?

Short-acting opioids have a quicker onset and shorter duration of withdrawal symptoms. (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of the Clinical Institute Withdrawal Assessment of Alcohol Scale (CIWA-Ar)?

To assess and manage the severity of alcohol withdrawal symptoms. (B) Signup and view all the answers

Why might clients with a co-existing substance use disorder and mental disorder be assigned to a specialized program?

To ensure they receive therapies that address both disorders. (D) Signup and view all the answers

What might be a sign of chemical impairment in a nurse, relating to absenteeism?

High absenteeism, especially if their substance source is outside the work area. (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of 'wasting' drugs or incorrect narcotic counts in a chemically impaired nurse?

It could indicate diversion of drugs for personal use. (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes codependency?

Dysfunctional behaviors among family members of a dependent person, where they sacrifice their own needs for the fulfillment of others. (A) Signup and view all the answers

What behavior is characteristic of a codependent person?

Sacrificing their own needs for the fulfillment of others to achieve a sense of control. (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which medication is used to treat alcohol withdrawal?

Benzodiazepines (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which medication is an opioid?

Naloxone (Narcan) (C) Signup and view all the answers

How would an individual's gambling disorder change during periods of stress?

The individual will have more problematic gambling behavior. (D) Signup and view all the answers

When does gambling behavior start for an individual?

Adolescence. (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary appetite regulation center within the brain?

Hypothalamus. (D) Signup and view all the answers

How can society and culture contribute to eating disorders?

Society and culture can change what an individual finds desirable in their body. (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the Body Mass Index of an individual considered to be obese?

30 or greater. (B) Signup and view all the answers

What characteristics differentiate an individual with anorexia nervosa?

They are characterized by a morbid fear of obesity, preoccupied with food, and refuse to eat. (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is an example of an episode of bulimia nervosa?

An episodic, uncontrolled, compulsive, and rapid intake of large quantities of food over a short period (bingeing). (D) Signup and view all the answers

What differentiates the binges an individual with binge eating disorder partakes in, compare to bulimia nervosa?

The individual with BED will not engage in behaviors to rid the body of the excess calories and the individual with bulimia nervosa will. (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which neurotransmitter abnormality is potentially associated with bulimia nervosa?

Bulimia nervosa may be associated with the neurotransmitters serotonin and norepinephrine. (C) Signup and view all the answers

Why should family members be involved in the treatment?

They need to be involved in treatment rather than blamed for the issue. (C) Signup and view all the answers

What represents a successful outcome for a patient recovering from an eating disorder, related to weight?

Has achieved and maintained at least 80% of expected body weight. (B) Signup and view all the answers

Under what circumstances would an individual with an eating disorder need to be hospitalized?

Hospitalization may be necessary for cases of malnutrition, dehydration, and severe electrolyte imbalance. (A) Signup and view all the answers

What behavior modification is observed when treatment of an eating disorder is successful?

If the individual is allowed to contract for privileges based on weight gain. (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of psychopharmacology in treating eating disorders?

No medications are specifically indicated for eating disorders. (D) Signup and view all the answers

Anorexia Nervosa can potentially be treated with which medication?

Fluoxetine (Prozac) (A) Signup and view all the answers

What medication is best to treat Bulimia Nervosa?

Fluoxetine (Prozac) (B) Signup and view all the answers

What medication is best to treat to treat Binge Eating Disorder?

Lisdexamfetamine (C) Signup and view all the answers

A client struggling with substance use expresses that they are unable to experience pleasure from activities they previously enjoyed. Considering the neurobiology of addiction, which of the following best explains this phenomenon?

The client's dopamine pathways have been desensitized due to chronically elevated dopamine levels from substance use. (C) Signup and view all the answers

You observe a colleague frequently volunteering to administer narcotics to patients, even when it's not their turn. They also have a pattern of excusing medication errors. Which of the following should you consider?

These behaviors could be signs of potential chemical impairment and should be addressed. (A) Signup and view all the answers

A nurse is assessing a client who is experiencing alcohol withdrawal. The client reports feeling anxious, has tremors, and is sweating. Based on this information and the goal of providing safe withdrawal management, which assessment tool would be MOST appropriate?

Clinical Institute Withdrawal Assessment of Alcohol Scale (CIWA-Ar) (C) Signup and view all the answers

A client being treated for opioid use disorder is also diagnosed with major depressive disorder. How would this affect their plan of care?

They would be assigned to a specialized program. (B) Signup and view all the answers

A family member of a person with a substance use disorder consistently makes excuses for their loved one's behavior and often bails them out of difficult situations. How would you characterize this family member's behavior?

Codependency (A) Signup and view all the answers

A patient with alcohol use disorder is admitted for detoxification. They are at risk for withdrawal symptoms. Which medication would the nurse anticipate administering?

Benzodiazepines (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is an important distinction of Gambling Disorder? Select all that apply.

It is a disorder that runs a chronic course, with periods of waxing and waning. (A), It is a disorder that is intensified during period of stress. (D) Signup and view all the answers

A client presents with a significantly low Body Mass Index (BMI) of 16, intense fear of gaining weight, and restricts food intake despite being underweight. They also display a distorted perception of their body shape. What eating disorder does this reflect?

Anorexia nervosa (A) Signup and view all the answers

A client consumes a large quantity of food in a short period, feels a loss of control during the eating episode, and then engages in self-induced vomiting. Which of the following is the MOST likely diagnosis?

Bulimia Nervosa (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the importance of involving family members in the treatment of a patient with an eating disorder?

Family members should be involved in treatment rather than blamed for the issue. (B) Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Substance Use Disorder

A disorder characterized by the use of substances that interferes with role obligations and involves intense cravings.

Substance Intoxication

A state following the excessive use of a substance, resulting in disrupted physical and psychological functioning, and impaired judgment.

Substance Withdrawal

Syndrome of symptoms occurring upon abrupt reduction or discontinuation of a substance that has been used regularly.