Substance Abuse Treatment Overview

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Questions and Answers

What is the approximate completion rate for all treatment types?

  • 80%
  • 40%
  • 65% (correct)
  • 50%

What is the relapse rate after treatment?

  • 30%
  • 40%
  • 50% (correct)
  • 20%

What is the primary focus of interventions targeting the drug?

  • Psychological
  • Medical (correct)
  • Social
  • Environmental

What is the aim of psychoeducation?

<p>To provide the client and families knowledge about various facets of the illness and its treatment (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of simply providing information about harms as a sole intervention?

<p>Ineffective (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to the research, what has nil or negative effects?

<p>Confrontation (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is an additional benefit of psychoeducation?

<p>It avoids confrontation and argument (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of professionals are effective in delivering psychoeducation?

<p>Clinicians (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the percentage reduction in excessive drinking found in hazardous and harmful drinkers after brief interventions?

<p>20-30% (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the duration of significant effect found after brief interventions?

<p>Up to 2 years (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of therapy is often rated as the most effective approach to treatment with a drug and alcohol population?

<p>Cognitive behavioural therapy (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the focus of cognitive behavioural therapy?

<p>Changing unhelpful thoughts, emotions, and behaviours (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the finding of Jhanjee's (2014) Cochrane review?

<p>Psychological interventions are effective (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the benefit of integrating evidence-based psychological interventions in substance use disorder treatment programs?

<p>Improved treatment outcomes (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the benefit of combining psychological treatment with substitute prescribing for opiate users?

<p>Improved treatment outcomes (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of brief interventions in substance use disorder treatment?

<p>An effective first level of treatment (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of agonist is buprenorphine?

<p>Partial agonist (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a benefit of using buprenorphine for detoxification?

<p>It has a lower risk of severe withdrawal symptoms (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of higher doses of buprenorphine on treatment retention and heroin use?

<p>Higher doses improve treatment retention and reduce heroin use (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the mechanism of action of disulfiram in maintenance therapy?

<p>It blocks the enzyme that metabolizes alcohol (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of disulfiram in maintenance therapy?

<p>To act as a deterrent to drinking (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of acamprosate on alcohol cravings and abstinence?

<p>It decreases cravings for alcohol and increases abstinence (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of naltrexone on opioid cravings?

<p>It decreases cravings for opioids (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of using disulfiram in conjunction with counselling and ongoing support?

<p>It increases the effectiveness of treatment (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary goal of contingency management in substance use disorder treatment?

<p>To provide positive reinforcement for achieving treatment goals (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the underlying premise of social skills training in substance abuse treatment?

<p>That deficient social skills lead to poor adjustment and dysfunction (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary focus of relapse prevention in substance abuse treatment?

<p>Developing skills to manage cravings and painful emotions (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the evidence for the effectiveness of contingency management in substance use disorder treatment?

<p>Strong evidence, particularly for opioids, tobacco, and polysubstance use (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary advantage of adding CBT to relapse prevention in substance abuse treatment?

<p>It enhances the effectiveness of treatment (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary goal of social skills training in substance abuse treatment?

<p>To give clients new skills to maintain abstinence (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary limitation of contingency management in clinical practice?

<p>The perceived high costs of providing incentives (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the benefit of contingency management in opiate substitution programs?

<p>It improves adherence to medication (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a key benefit of community development interventions?

<p>Raising awareness of drug issues (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of intervention recognizes the role of social disadvantage in substance abuse problems?

<p>Employment, educational and recreational opportunities (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a key feature of family therapy?

<p>Focus on treating the 'family' (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a benefit of case management?

<p>Linking clients with appropriate services (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of interventions provide a single point of contact with health and social services?

<p>Case management (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of residential rehabilitation?

<p>Long-term programs (usually 1 to 12 months) (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a goal of employment, educational and recreational opportunities?

<p>Improving self-worth and self-esteem (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a challenge of family therapy?

<p>Managing multiple needs (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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Study Notes

Specialist Interventions: Overview

  • Treatment completion rate: around 65%
  • Relapse rate after treatment: about 50% (similar to other chronic health conditions)

Interventions Targeting The Drug

  • Medical-focused interventions
    • Psychoeducation/drug information
      • Provides knowledge about the illness and its treatment to assist clients in living more productive and fulfilling lives
      • Helps understand symptoms, causes, and treatment options
      • Avoids confrontation and argument
      • Raises awareness
    • Buprenorphine
      • Partial agonist and partial antagonist
      • Maintenance treatment and detoxification aid
      • Higher doses improve retention in treatment and reduce heroin use
    • Naltrexone (for alcohol)
      • Decreases cravings for alcohol in people who have been dependent on alcohol and are trying to abstain
    • Acamprosate (Campral)
      • Decreases cravings for alcohol and increases abstinence
    • Disulfiram (Antabuse)
      • Maintenance therapy with abstinence as a goal
      • Blocks enzyme that metabolizes alcohol, producing unpleasant side effects

Psychological Therapies

  • Overall psychosocial interventions are effective
  • Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) is often rated as the most effective approach
  • Relapse prevention
    • Develops skills to identify high-risk situations and manage cravings
    • Attains a life-style balance
  • Contingency management
    • Provides positive reinforcement for positive behavior
    • Strong evidence for treatment of substance use disorders
  • Social Skills Training
    • Focuses on deficient social skills leading to poor adjustment and dysfunction
    • Teaches new social skills, such as assertiveness training, anger management, and relaxation training

Interventions Targeting The Environment

  • Generally operate from a wholistic perspective
  • Community Development
    • Engages the local community in the design and implementation of prevention programs
    • Generates and disseminates drug-related resources to the community
  • Employment, educational, and recreational opportunities
    • Recognizes the role of social disadvantage in substance abuse problems
    • Provides opportunities to develop skills and social networks outside the drug-using lifestyle
  • Family Therapy
    • Focuses on treating the 'family'
    • Family inclusive practice improves treatment outcomes
    • Can alleviate distress for significant others
  • Case Management
    • Provides a single point of contact with health and social services
    • Client-driven and community-based
    • Advocacy and flexible, culturally sensitive services
  • Residential rehabilitation
    • Long-term programs (usually 1 to 12 months) where people live in a community of other substance users, ex-users, and professional staff

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