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Questions and Answers
What is the primary concern regarding the THC content in cannabis?
What is the primary concern regarding the THC content in cannabis?
According to the information, what is the most commonly used substance in Hamilton?
According to the information, what is the most commonly used substance in Hamilton?
What factors influence an individual's risk related to alcohol consumption?
What factors influence an individual's risk related to alcohol consumption?
What does the information suggest regarding opioid misuse?
What does the information suggest regarding opioid misuse?
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What is the Transtheoretical Model (Stages of Change) used for in the context of substance abuse treatment?
What is the Transtheoretical Model (Stages of Change) used for in the context of substance abuse treatment?
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Why is it important to pair medication with counselling or a structured treatment program when treating addiction?
Why is it important to pair medication with counselling or a structured treatment program when treating addiction?
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What are the two main treatment approaches mentioned for substance abuse?
What are the two main treatment approaches mentioned for substance abuse?
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According to the information, what is relapse considered in the treatment process?
According to the information, what is relapse considered in the treatment process?
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Which medication is used to reduce cravings for alcohol in those who are alcohol dependent?
Which medication is used to reduce cravings for alcohol in those who are alcohol dependent?
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What combination of factors leads to people becoming addicted to drugs?
What combination of factors leads to people becoming addicted to drugs?
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How does Disulfiram (Antabuse) aid in the treatment of alcohol dependence?
How does Disulfiram (Antabuse) aid in the treatment of alcohol dependence?
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Which of the following is NOT a benefit typically offered within addiction treatment programs?
Which of the following is NOT a benefit typically offered within addiction treatment programs?
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What is the primary goal of 'withdrawal management' in addiction treatment?
What is the primary goal of 'withdrawal management' in addiction treatment?
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How can 'Adventure Therapy' improve people's lives in a substance abuse program?
How can 'Adventure Therapy' improve people's lives in a substance abuse program?
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Which of the following is a physical benefit of Recreation Therapy (TR) for substance abuse?
Which of the following is a physical benefit of Recreation Therapy (TR) for substance abuse?
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Why should recreation therapists be mindful of a client’s diagnosis and characteristics?
Why should recreation therapists be mindful of a client’s diagnosis and characteristics?
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Which of the following best describes the core characteristics of a substance use disorder (SUD), based on the '4 Cs' model?
Which of the following best describes the core characteristics of a substance use disorder (SUD), based on the '4 Cs' model?
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A person is experiencing difficulties attending work, has developed mental health issues, and continues to use substances despite negative effects, which of the following is this most indicative of?
A person is experiencing difficulties attending work, has developed mental health issues, and continues to use substances despite negative effects, which of the following is this most indicative of?
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Based on the information provided, how would you classify the use of prescription opioids to manage chronic pain?
Based on the information provided, how would you classify the use of prescription opioids to manage chronic pain?
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What is a key difference between opioid medications prescribed by a doctor and illegal opioid drugs, such as heroin?
What is a key difference between opioid medications prescribed by a doctor and illegal opioid drugs, such as heroin?
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Which factor is most indicative of the transition from substance use to substance abuse?
Which factor is most indicative of the transition from substance use to substance abuse?
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Considering the statistics provided, what can be inferred about the prevalence of illegal drug use in Canada?
Considering the statistics provided, what can be inferred about the prevalence of illegal drug use in Canada?
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What is the relationship between opioid prescriptions and the risk of developing a substance abuse disorder?
What is the relationship between opioid prescriptions and the risk of developing a substance abuse disorder?
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Which of the following scenarios BEST exemplifies 'loss of control' as it relates to substance use disorders?
Which of the following scenarios BEST exemplifies 'loss of control' as it relates to substance use disorders?
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What is the primary goal of harm reduction strategies related to drug use?
What is the primary goal of harm reduction strategies related to drug use?
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Which of the following is an example of a harm reduction service?
Which of the following is an example of a harm reduction service?
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Which of the following is a potential consequence affecting the nervous system from substance use?
Which of the following is a potential consequence affecting the nervous system from substance use?
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According to the information, approximately what proportion of Canadians experience harm due to others' alcohol use?
According to the information, approximately what proportion of Canadians experience harm due to others' alcohol use?
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Which of the following is a potential 'secondary problem' related to substance use?
Which of the following is a potential 'secondary problem' related to substance use?
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How does the City of Hamilton support individuals who use drugs?
How does the City of Hamilton support individuals who use drugs?
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When using a pros and cons chart with clients who have substance use disorders, what primary benefit does this activity provide?
When using a pros and cons chart with clients who have substance use disorders, what primary benefit does this activity provide?
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Which of the following is the MOST accurate regarding causes related to Substance Use Disorder?
Which of the following is the MOST accurate regarding causes related to Substance Use Disorder?
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What isn't typically directly addressed by harm reduction strategies?
What isn't typically directly addressed by harm reduction strategies?
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Which system in the human body is mentioned as being negatively impacted by substance abuse?
Which system in the human body is mentioned as being negatively impacted by substance abuse?
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In treating a client with Substance Use Disorder, which consideration is MOST comprehensive?
In treating a client with Substance Use Disorder, which consideration is MOST comprehensive?
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Which of these is a potential consequence of impaired judgment resulting from substance use?
Which of these is a potential consequence of impaired judgment resulting from substance use?
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Which statement about recovery methods for Substance Use Disorder is MOST accurate?
Which statement about recovery methods for Substance Use Disorder is MOST accurate?
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Considering the information, which approach would be most aligned with harm reduction principles when dealing with an individual struggling with opioid addiction?
Considering the information, which approach would be most aligned with harm reduction principles when dealing with an individual struggling with opioid addiction?
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What aspect is LEAST important to focus on when treating someone with Substance Use Disorder?
What aspect is LEAST important to focus on when treating someone with Substance Use Disorder?
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Which of the following statements is NOT true regarding substance use disorders?
Which of the following statements is NOT true regarding substance use disorders?
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Besides the brain, which physiological system is MOST directly affected by Substance Use Disorder?
Besides the brain, which physiological system is MOST directly affected by Substance Use Disorder?
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Given the understanding that celebrities are often open about their struggles, what can this openness potentially provide to the general public?
Given the understanding that celebrities are often open about their struggles, what can this openness potentially provide to the general public?
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What is the most appropriate initial response when a client relapses during their involvement in a leisure program?
What is the most appropriate initial response when a client relapses during their involvement in a leisure program?
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What is the primary focus when planning community outings for clients with substance use disorders?
What is the primary focus when planning community outings for clients with substance use disorders?
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Which principle is most important when tailoring treatment plans for individuals with substance use disorders?
Which principle is most important when tailoring treatment plans for individuals with substance use disorders?
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Why is it crucial to establish goals and plans with resources and backups for clients in recovery?
Why is it crucial to establish goals and plans with resources and backups for clients in recovery?
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What does the Hamilton Drug Strategy (HDS) aim to achieve regarding substance use disorders?
What does the Hamilton Drug Strategy (HDS) aim to achieve regarding substance use disorders?
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What is the main purpose of the resources provided by Public Health Ontario regarding substance use?
What is the main purpose of the resources provided by Public Health Ontario regarding substance use?
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What is the purpose of exploring a client's level of participation in leisure programs?
What is the purpose of exploring a client's level of participation in leisure programs?
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According to the information, what role do recreation and recreational therapists play in the recovery of people with substance use disorders?
According to the information, what role do recreation and recreational therapists play in the recovery of people with substance use disorders?
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Flashcards
Opioid Misuse
Opioid Misuse
Using opioid drugs in a way not prescribed can lead to addiction and overdose.
Alcohol Risks
Alcohol Risks
Your risk of alcohol-related issues increases with amount, frequency, and binge drinking.
Cannabis
Cannabis
A psychoactive substance derived from the hemp plant, containing THC.
THC
THC
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Addiction Factors
Addiction Factors
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Abstinence
Abstinence
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Harm Reduction
Harm Reduction
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Transtheoretical Model
Transtheoretical Model
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Substance Use Disorder
Substance Use Disorder
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4 Cs of Addiction
4 Cs of Addiction
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Opioids
Opioids
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Opioid Crisis in Canada
Opioid Crisis in Canada
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Substance-related Disorder Symptoms
Substance-related Disorder Symptoms
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Hallucinogens
Hallucinogens
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Statistics on Drug Use
Statistics on Drug Use
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Impact of Substance Use
Impact of Substance Use
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Community Outings
Community Outings
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Support Client's Journey
Support Client's Journey
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Leisure Ability Model
Leisure Ability Model
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Treatment Deficits
Treatment Deficits
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Safe Environment Promotion
Safe Environment Promotion
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Role of Recreational Therapists
Role of Recreational Therapists
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Support System Importance
Support System Importance
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Comparison of Leisure Programs
Comparison of Leisure Programs
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Needle and Syringe Program
Needle and Syringe Program
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Safer Drug Use Education
Safer Drug Use Education
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Poor Nutrition
Poor Nutrition
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Cognitive Health Concerns
Cognitive Health Concerns
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Social Isolation
Social Isolation
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Financial Instability
Financial Instability
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Disruption of Routines
Disruption of Routines
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Feelings of Shame
Feelings of Shame
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Respiratory System Damage
Respiratory System Damage
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Medications for Smoking Cessation
Medications for Smoking Cessation
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Opioid Dependence Treatments
Opioid Dependence Treatments
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Naltrexone Use
Naltrexone Use
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Disulfiram Effect
Disulfiram Effect
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Withdrawal Management Services
Withdrawal Management Services
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Recreation Therapy Benefits
Recreation Therapy Benefits
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Mindfulness in Therapy
Mindfulness in Therapy
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Risk of New Addictions
Risk of New Addictions
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PROS of Substance Use
PROS of Substance Use
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CONS of Substance Use
CONS of Substance Use
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Substance Use Disorder Causes
Substance Use Disorder Causes
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Effective Recovery
Effective Recovery
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Relapse in Recovery
Relapse in Recovery
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Community Support
Community Support
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Role of Leisure
Role of Leisure
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Debriefing After Activity
Debriefing After Activity
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Study Notes
Substance Use Disorder
- Substance use disorder involves using substances in harmful ways.
- Examples of substances are cigarettes, vape products, alcohol, street drugs, opioids, and marijuana.
- An 18% of Canadians report using illegal drugs at some point in their lives. Hallucinogens were the most commonly used illegal drug, followed by cocaine/crack and ecstasy. (Canada, 2025).
- Canada is currently experiencing an opioid crisis with increased hospitalizations and deaths from heroin, fentanyl, and other opioids.
- Opioid overdose death rates varied by Canadian province in 2022, with British Columbia having the highest rate (44.4 deaths per 100,000 population) and New Brunswick having the lowest rate (5.7 deaths per 100,000 population).
- A substance use disorder may involve not being able to attend work, school or daily activities.
- Physical or mental health issues are often the result of the substance abuse.
- Ongoing use of substances even after experiencing negative effects is a sign of the disorder.
- Symptoms such as higher agitation levels, neglecting self-care, theft to support substance use, lying about whereabouts and secretiveness can also be part of a substance use disorder.
- A substance use disorder is a spectrum ranging from non-use to addiction.
- Opioids include, prescription drugs like oxycodone, morphine, codeine, and fentanyl. Illicit substances such as fentanyl, carfentanil, and heroin are also considered opioids.
- Misuse of opioid drugs can lead to addiction, overdose and death.
- Hamilton Paramedic Services responded to nine incidents related to suspected opioid overdoses from January 1, 2025 to January 5, 2025.
- Alcohol is the most commonly used substance in Hamilton.
- Many factors contribute to substance use disorders: genetics, environment, mental health issues, how drugs interact with the brain, and coping strategies.
- The transtheoretical or stages of change models describes how to change behaviors.
Types of Substances
- Cannabis (marijuana, pot, weed, grass, ganga) is a substance derived from the hemp plant. It can be smoked, vaped, or ingested in various forms (food, drink).
- There are more than 400 chemicals in cannabis.
- THC is the psychoactive chemical in cannabis.
- Cannabis potency has increased over time, resulting in more harmful effects.
Harm Reduction
- Harm reduction strategies aim to reduce harmful effects of drug use without requiring cessation.
- Harm reduction programs include, needle and syringe programs, safe injection supplies, needle disposal, education about safer drug use and referrals.
- The City of Hamilton provides education, needles and safe injection supplies and disposal.
Systems Affected
- Substance use disorders can affect many systems in the body: lung damage, liver function, respiratory system, nervous system, temperament, personality, energy/drive, poor nutrition, strained relationships, cognitive health concerns, poor judgement, poor sleep.
- Multiple other systems can be affected depending on the substance and duration of use.
Secondary Problems
- Substance abuse can lead to problems like relationship issues with friends, family, and coworkers, dissatisfaction, embarrassment, disruption of daily routines, social isolation, shame, physical health problems, financial instability.
Treatment
- Medications such as nicotine patches, gum, inhalers, bupropion for smoking cessation, methadone, and buprenorphine for opioid dependence, naltrexone, and disulfiram are examples of treatments.
- Treatment also includes withdrawal management, stress/anger management, grief/trauma management, finding a job or going back to school, healthy eating, safe housing, social assistance, disability benefits, money management, and parenting skills.
- Recreation therapy interventions are also effective.
Recreation Therapy Interventions
- Recreation therapy uses various interventions like animal-assisted therapy, adventure therapy, music/art/drama therapy, and mindfulness/social skills building to aid individuals.
Physical Benefits of Recreation Therapy
- Engagement in sports/activities increases cardiovascular health, muscle tone, and coordination.
- Activities improve balance.
- Therapy builds muscle strength.
- Regular activity promotes better sleep, energy levels, and overall well-being.
Implications For Recreation Therapists
- Recreation therapists must understand individual needs and factors, and be mindful of the variety of recovery journeys for individuals.
- Carefully plan community outings, and do not make assumptions, judge people when they relapse.
- Prioritize considerations that include: significant deficits during assessment, a safe environment, goal setting and backup planning.
Best Practice Research
- Leisure participation is critical when dealing with substance use disorders.
- Understanding client relationships with leisure activities, levels of participation, and comparing leisure programs across different types of disorders.
- The role of recreation therapy in developing recovery-oriented identities.
- Taking a deeper look at lifestyle readjustment.
- Recreation Therapists role in connecting individuals to previous identities and self-improvement
- Importance of support systems outside family and friends.
Substance Use Disorder Organizations
- Hamilton Drug Strategy aims to enhance community collaboration and approach substance use disorders.
- Public Health Ontario offers resources for drug testing, labs, statistics, and health protocols..
Government of Canada Website
- Government of Canada website provides stats, resources, and prevention strategies for substance use disorders.
Activities
- Activity suggestions include forming groups of three people to assess pros and cons of substance use and non-use for specific substances.
- Additional activities encourage reflection on the client chart for substance use.
Debrief
- Discussion questions are asked to analyze the pros and cons chart and assess the effectiveness of leisure activities for substance use education.
Multiple Choice Questions
- Provide multiple choice questions based on the material covered.
Questions About Professionals
- Questions about the role of recreational therapists in addressing substance use disorders.
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Description
Test your knowledge on substance abuse treatment, including concerns regarding THC content, opioid misuse, and the importance of pairing medication with counseling. This quiz also covers the Transtheoretical Model and various medications used for addiction treatment. Challenge yourself to understand the complexities of addiction and recovery.