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Questions and Answers
What describes the behavior of excessive use of a substance to modify or control mood in a manner that is harmful?
What describes the behavior of excessive use of a substance to modify or control mood in a manner that is harmful?
Which of the following is NOT a symptom of substance abuse?
Which of the following is NOT a symptom of substance abuse?
Tolerance in substance abuse refers to which of the following?
Tolerance in substance abuse refers to which of the following?
Which of these substances is classified as a legal depressant?
Which of these substances is classified as a legal depressant?
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What is one of the most common emotional symptoms of substance abuse?
What is one of the most common emotional symptoms of substance abuse?
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What is one consequence of substance abuse at the individual level?
What is one consequence of substance abuse at the individual level?
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Which factor increases the likelihood of substance use?
Which factor increases the likelihood of substance use?
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What is primary prevention aimed at?
What is primary prevention aimed at?
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What term describes the influence of peer pressure on substance use?
What term describes the influence of peer pressure on substance use?
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Which of these is a protective factor against substance abuse?
Which of these is a protective factor against substance abuse?
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Which method of substance use involves a direct entry into the bloodstream?
Which method of substance use involves a direct entry into the bloodstream?
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What is a common consequence of substance abuse at the community level?
What is a common consequence of substance abuse at the community level?
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What physiological state results from repeated drug administration necessitating continued use?
What physiological state results from repeated drug administration necessitating continued use?
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What term describes the exaggerated expression of the original condition after stopping an effective treatment?
What term describes the exaggerated expression of the original condition after stopping an effective treatment?
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Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of chronic addiction?
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of chronic addiction?
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What is an important symptom of substance dependence related to the inability to stop using?
What is an important symptom of substance dependence related to the inability to stop using?
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Which type of addiction is characterized by its severity, affecting all areas of a user's life?
Which type of addiction is characterized by its severity, affecting all areas of a user's life?
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Which substance is linked to severe health problems like lung cancer and heart disease?
Which substance is linked to severe health problems like lung cancer and heart disease?
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What is indicated by the term 'denial' in the context of substance dependence?
What is indicated by the term 'denial' in the context of substance dependence?
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What is the likelihood of individuals who smoke progressing to marijuana use?
What is the likelihood of individuals who smoke progressing to marijuana use?
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Study Notes
Substance Abuse Prevention
- Learning Outcomes: Students will be able to define substance abuse, describe symptoms and signs, understand initiation of use, identify reasons for alcohol and drug use, recognize risk and protective factors, understand consequences, and identify prevention strategies.
Definition of Substance
- A substance is any chemical, drug, or compound (natural or synthetic) that alters physical, mental, or emotional states when used.
- Substances can be legal (e.g., alcohol, prescription medications) or illegal (e.g., cocaine, heroin).
Definition of Substance Abuse
- Substance abuse is excessive use of a substance to modify or control mood or state of mind in an illegal or harmful manner.
Symptoms and Signs of Substance Abuse
- Emotional: Aggression, burnout, anxiety, depression, paranoia, denial.
- Behavioral: Slowed reaction time, impaired coordination, slowed/slurred speech, irritability, excessive talking, inability to sit still, limited attention span, poor motivation or lack of energy.
- Physical: Weight loss, sweating, chills, smell of alcohol.
Tolerance
- Tolerance means an individual needs more of a drug to achieve the same effect as before.
- Repeated use leads to needing increasingly larger doses to achieve the initial effect.
Most Common Abusive Substances
- Cannabis (Marijuana): Derived from the cannabis plant, contains THC (tetrahydrocannabinol) which is psychoactive.
- Cocaine: A powerful stimulant derived from the coca plant, often in the form of a white powder.
- Heroin: An opioid made from morphine, often injected, snorted, or smoked.
- LSD (Lysergic Acid Diethylamide): A hallucinogen that alters perception, mood, and thought processes.
- Synthetic Cannabinoids: Synthetic chemicals sprayed on plant material to mimic cannabis effects.
- Alcohol: A legal depressant and addictive liquid commonly consumed as beverages. Causes impaired judgment during acute consumption and liver damage through chronic consumption.
- Tobacco: Prepared from dried leaves of the Nicotiana tabacum plant. Contains nicotine, an addictive substance. Smoking causes lung cancer, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), heart disease, and strokes. Chewing is linked to oral cancers, gum disease, and tooth loss.
Substance Dependence
- Definition: A physiological state of neuroadaptation produced by repeated drug use. Continued use is necessary to prevent withdrawal symptoms .
- Alcoholism: Means alcohol dependence.
Additional Problems of Substance Dependence
- Withdrawal: Psychological and physiological reactions to stopping drug use.
- Rebound: Exaggerated expression of the original condition after cessation of effective treatment.
- Inability to stop: Preoccupation with obtaining and using the substance.
- Tolerance: Requires more of the drug to achieve the initial effect
Nature of Addiction
- Chronic: Requires life-long abstinence and engagement in recovery groups.
- Progressive: Addiction worsens over time, affecting multiple aspects of life.
- Primary: The main problem needing treatment.
Disease of Denial
- Denial is a common psychological response associated with substance abuse.
- Individuals may refuse to acknowledge the disease’s presence, severity, or consequences.
Initiation of Substance Use
- Smoking is a significant factor in moving towards other substances such as marijuana or cocaine.
- The risk of using marijuana is 65 times greater for those who smoke or drink.
- The risk of using cocaine is 104 times greater for those who use marijuana.
- The more risk factors an individual possesses, the higher the likelihood of using substances.
Ways of Substance Use
- Smoking/Inhaling
- Snorting/Insufflation
- Oral Ingestion
- Injection
Reasons for Substance Use
- Stress relief and coping mechanisms
- Social influence and peer pressure
- Recreational and pleasure-seeking
- Curiosity and experimentation
- Dependence and addiction
Consequences of Substance Abuse
- Individual Level: Aggressiveness, self-harm, risky driving, infections, lung cancer, life revolve around substance use.
- Family Level: Family conflicts, destructive emotional/physical conflicts, money issues replacing other needs.
- Community Level: Theft, violence, criminal activity, drug syndicates.
Risk Factors
- Chaotic home environment
- Ineffective parenting
- Little mutual attachment and nurturing
- Parental substance abuse or mental illness
- Academic failure
- Inappropriate/shy classroom behavior
- Poor social coping skills
- Perceived external approval of drug use
- Associations with deviant people
Protective Factors
- Strong family bonds
- Parental engagement
- Clear parental expectations and consequences
- Academic success
- Conventional norms about drugs and alcohol
- Strong bonds with pro-social institutions (school, community, mosque)
Prevention of Substance Abuse
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Primary Prevention: Preventing initiation of substance use or delaying the age of use begins by reducing supply and demand. Strategies include reducing the supply, minimizing the risk factors, and boosting protective factors.
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Secondary Prevention: Addressing early stages of psychoactive substance use to prevent escalating problems and mitigate damage.
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Tertiary Prevention: Ending dependence, minimizing problems from use/abuse, restoring function, and maintaining health. This includes rehab and relapse prevention.
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Description
This quiz covers the essential aspects of substance abuse prevention, including definitions, symptoms, and risk factors. Students will learn to identify reasons for substance use and explore effective prevention strategies. Understanding these concepts is crucial in promoting a healthy and drug-free lifestyle.
