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Questions and Answers
What is a common nickname for Lysergic acid diethylamide?
What is a common nickname for Lysergic acid diethylamide?
Which effect is associated with the use of amphetamine sulphate?
Which effect is associated with the use of amphetamine sulphate?
What is a primary characteristic of MDMA usage?
What is a primary characteristic of MDMA usage?
What might synthetic cannabinoids lead to as a potential adverse effect?
What might synthetic cannabinoids lead to as a potential adverse effect?
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What form is LSD commonly found in?
What form is LSD commonly found in?
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Which of the following is a common name for MDMA?
Which of the following is a common name for MDMA?
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What effect can cocaine mixed with other substances lead to?
What effect can cocaine mixed with other substances lead to?
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What is a common physical form of Ecstasy?
What is a common physical form of Ecstasy?
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What is a known effect of midazolam on coronary arteries?
What is a known effect of midazolam on coronary arteries?
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What percentage of adults aged between 16-59 years admitted to using illicit drugs between 2015 and 2016?
What percentage of adults aged between 16-59 years admitted to using illicit drugs between 2015 and 2016?
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What percentage of 15-year-olds admitted to cannabis use in 2014?
What percentage of 15-year-olds admitted to cannabis use in 2014?
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What is the maximum weekly alcohol consumption recommended by the Department of Health?
What is the maximum weekly alcohol consumption recommended by the Department of Health?
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What effect do benzodiazepines have on the gag reflex?
What effect do benzodiazepines have on the gag reflex?
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What concerning trend was noted with regard to alcohol-related deaths in 2015 in England?
What concerning trend was noted with regard to alcohol-related deaths in 2015 in England?
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What is a common misbelief about the effects of recreational drugs on conscious sedation?
What is a common misbelief about the effects of recreational drugs on conscious sedation?
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What was the aim of the UK Drug Strategy introduced in 2017?
What was the aim of the UK Drug Strategy introduced in 2017?
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Which oral manifestation is associated with cocaine use?
Which oral manifestation is associated with cocaine use?
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What is a potential oral effect of ecstasy consumption?
What is a potential oral effect of ecstasy consumption?
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Which drug is known to contribute to periodontal disease?
Which drug is known to contribute to periodontal disease?
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What is a common oral health issue caused by tobacco smoking?
What is a common oral health issue caused by tobacco smoking?
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What effect does tobacco smoking have on periodontal health?
What effect does tobacco smoking have on periodontal health?
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Which oral symptom is associated with alcohol consumption?
Which oral symptom is associated with alcohol consumption?
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How do cannabinoids affect the body in relation to fat?
How do cannabinoids affect the body in relation to fat?
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What is the current mortality rate from alcoholic liver disease in people under 75 years in England?
What is the current mortality rate from alcoholic liver disease in people under 75 years in England?
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Why might it be sensible to reduce doses of sedatives when using certain recreational drugs?
Why might it be sensible to reduce doses of sedatives when using certain recreational drugs?
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Which recreational drugs are associated with xerostomia as an oral manifestation?
Which recreational drugs are associated with xerostomia as an oral manifestation?
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What may increase the likelihood of drug interactions during conscious sedation?
What may increase the likelihood of drug interactions during conscious sedation?
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What serious condition can alcohol lead to that affects a patient's capacity to consent?
What serious condition can alcohol lead to that affects a patient's capacity to consent?
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What is a potential side effect of cannabis and ecstasy use that pertains to oral health?
What is a potential side effect of cannabis and ecstasy use that pertains to oral health?
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What is the ASA classification for patients with alcoholic liver disease?
What is the ASA classification for patients with alcoholic liver disease?
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Why might patients with alcoholic liver disease require referral to secondary care?
Why might patients with alcoholic liver disease require referral to secondary care?
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What management strategies should be considered for patients with substance abuse issues during conscious sedation?
What management strategies should be considered for patients with substance abuse issues during conscious sedation?
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What should be done prior to intravenous conscious sedation in patients using recreational drugs?
What should be done prior to intravenous conscious sedation in patients using recreational drugs?
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What is a potential risk of treating patients with hepatic impairment?
What is a potential risk of treating patients with hepatic impairment?
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What oral health issues may arise from xerostomia caused by recreational drug use?
What oral health issues may arise from xerostomia caused by recreational drug use?
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How does the risk/benefit ratio influence choices for sedation in patients with substance abuse histories?
How does the risk/benefit ratio influence choices for sedation in patients with substance abuse histories?
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What does cross tolerance in drug-dependent patients imply?
What does cross tolerance in drug-dependent patients imply?
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What key aspect should dental professionals be aware of during patient assessments regarding drug use?
What key aspect should dental professionals be aware of during patient assessments regarding drug use?
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Which mental health disorder is most closely associated with alcohol consumption?
Which mental health disorder is most closely associated with alcohol consumption?
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What is essential for a sedation practitioner to ensure during treatment with intoxicated patients?
What is essential for a sedation practitioner to ensure during treatment with intoxicated patients?
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Which of the following methods was discovered by Horace Wells that was later used to manage anxiety in dentistry?
Which of the following methods was discovered by Horace Wells that was later used to manage anxiety in dentistry?
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What is a common misconception about cannabis use according to Ashton?
What is a common misconception about cannabis use according to Ashton?
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What is the primary benefit of memory reconstruction for patients?
What is the primary benefit of memory reconstruction for patients?
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What is the primary focus of the study by Pickrell et al. (2007)?
What is the primary focus of the study by Pickrell et al. (2007)?
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In what year did the article by Ashton publish?
In what year did the article by Ashton publish?
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Which of the following is NOT a method of anxiety management mentioned in the text?
Which of the following is NOT a method of anxiety management mentioned in the text?
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What is the title of the article about the philosophy of Jorgensen on intravenous sedation?
What is the title of the article about the philosophy of Jorgensen on intravenous sedation?
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Which article delves into the impact of cannabis on anesthesia?
Which article delves into the impact of cannabis on anesthesia?
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Flashcards
LSD
LSD
Lysergic acid diethylamide, a hallucinogenic drug causing altered perceptions.
Ecstasy (MDMA)
Ecstasy (MDMA)
A synthetic drug that produces feelings of euphoria and increased sensory perception.
Cocaine
Cocaine
A powerful stimulant drug that can induce euphoria and increased energy but may lead to delusions.
Amphetamine sulphate
Amphetamine sulphate
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Synthetic cannabinoids
Synthetic cannabinoids
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Methylene dioxy methamphetamine
Methylene dioxy methamphetamine
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Spice (K2)
Spice (K2)
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Hallucinogens
Hallucinogens
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Midazolam
Midazolam
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Vasodilatory effects
Vasodilatory effects
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Cannabinoids
Cannabinoids
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Illicit drugs
Illicit drugs
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UK Drug Strategy
UK Drug Strategy
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Anterograde amnesia
Anterograde amnesia
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Alcohol misuse
Alcohol misuse
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Recommended alcohol limit
Recommended alcohol limit
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Impact on Consent
Impact on Consent
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Importance of Drug History
Importance of Drug History
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Hepatic Impairment
Hepatic Impairment
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ASA Grade 4
ASA Grade 4
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over-sedation
over-sedation
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Cross Tolerance
Cross Tolerance
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Recreational Drugs
Recreational Drugs
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Pre-assessment Considerations
Pre-assessment Considerations
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Cocaine Oral Manifestation
Cocaine Oral Manifestation
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Ecstasy Oral Manifestation
Ecstasy Oral Manifestation
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Tobacco Effects on Oral Health
Tobacco Effects on Oral Health
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Alcohol Oral Manifestation
Alcohol Oral Manifestation
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Cannabis Accumulation
Cannabis Accumulation
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Periodontal Disease Risk Factors
Periodontal Disease Risk Factors
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Xerostomia
Xerostomia
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Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma
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Conscious Sedation
Conscious Sedation
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Substance Abuse
Substance Abuse
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Alcoholic Liver Disease
Alcoholic Liver Disease
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Effects of Recreational Drugs
Effects of Recreational Drugs
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Oral Manifestations
Oral Manifestations
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Halitosis
Halitosis
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Non-Pharmacological Management
Non-Pharmacological Management
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Nitrous oxide
Nitrous oxide
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Anxiety management
Anxiety management
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Memory reconstruction
Memory reconstruction
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Intravenous sedation
Intravenous sedation
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Gag reflex management
Gag reflex management
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Positive dental experiences
Positive dental experiences
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Role of non-pharmacological methods
Role of non-pharmacological methods
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Study Notes
Substance Abuse and Conscious Sedation
- Substance abuse is a recognized issue in both medical and dental fields.
- Recreational drug use can impact conscious sedation suitability.
- Growing illicit drug use necessitates understanding its effect on sedation.
- Animal studies suggest a potential link between illicit drug use and interactions during sedation.
- Optimum patient care during sedation requires understanding substance abuse.
Introduction to Conscious Sedation
- Conscious sedation depresses the central nervous system, enabling treatment while maintaining verbal contact.
- It's used for dental procedures, anxious patients, those with a gag reflex, and specific medical conditions.
- Dating back to the 1800s with nitrous oxide sedation, techniques have evolved.
- Challenges exist in assessing the effects of substance abuse on sedation.
Indications for Conscious Sedation
- Dental anxiety is a common indication, affecting a significant proportion of the adult population.
- Patients with severe gag reflexes often benefit from sedation.
- Individuals with medical conditions like uncontrolled epilepsy might find conscious sedation helpful.
- Conscious sedation aids in overcoming anxiety associated with complex procedures.
Substance Abuse Statistics
- Recreational drug use is increasing in popularity.
- Illicit drug-related deaths in England reached a significant high in 2015.
- A substantial proportion of young adults and adults report illicit drug use.
- UK initiatives are aiming to combat substance abuse and aid recovery.
Recreational Drugs: Cannabis and Alcohol
- Cannabis is a commonly used hallucinogenic drug, with notable global prevalence.
- Alcohol misuse is widespread, with significant mortality rates.
- Weekly alcohol consumption guidelines suggest limits for responsible intake.
- Both drugs can have interactions with sedatives.
Common Recreational Drugs (Table 1)
- Provides common names for various recreational drugs
- Outlines potential effects of recreational drug use.
Oral Manifestations of Substance Abuse
- Substance abuse can affect oral health (e.g. xerostomia, tooth surface loss, oral squamous cell carcinoma, dental trauma)
- Cannabinoids are fat-soluble and can accumulate in tissues with a prolonged half-life.
- Alcohol use can damage the liver.
- Tobacco use is linked to periodontal disease and oral cancer risk.
- Non-pharmacological anxiety management is also considered.
Pre-assessment Considerations
- Detailed drug history is crucial for intravenous conscious sedation.
- Comprehension of the questions by the patient is important, encouraging explicit answers.
- Knowledge of alternate drug names aids in effective assessment.
- Understanding a patient's drug history assists with tailored management.
Drug Tolerance and Conscious Sedation
- Recreational drugs can potentially lead to tolerance of certain sedative agents.
- Patients with drug dependence might require higher sedative doses to achieve the desired effect.
- Cross-tolerance between drugs (e.g., benzodiazepines and alcohol) can complicate sedation.
- Proper management of such patients is crucial.
Management of Recreational Drugs Use and Sedation
- Appreciation of the relationship between substance abuse and conscious sedation guides management.
- Few published studies on cannabis and sedation interactions but higher propofol doses were noted in cannabis users .
- Alcohol dependence adds complexity in conscious sedation.
- Non-pharmacological anxiety management can be valuable alongside medication in certain cases.
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Description
This quiz covers the significant relationship between substance abuse and conscious sedation, highlighting key considerations in medical and dental fields. Explore the historical context, indications for sedation, and the implications of recreational drug use on patient care during procedures.