Gr 8 Natural Sciences Ch 2.1: Sub-atomic particles
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Questions and Answers

What is the central part of an atom that contains protons and neutrons?

  • Atomic nucleus (correct)
  • Electron shell
  • Electron cloud
  • Proton cluster

    • What determines the atomic number and identity of an element?

  • Mass of the nucleus
  • Number of electrons
  • Number of protons (correct)
  • Number of neutrons

    • What is the charge of neutrons?

  • Varies
  • Neutral (correct)
  • Positive
  • Negative

    • What is the role of neutrons in the atomic nucleus?

    <p>To stabilize the nucleus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the location of electrons in an atom?

    <p>In the electron cloud</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the electrical charge of electrons?

    <p>Negative</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of the number of neutrons in an atom?

    <p>Determines the atomic mass</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for particles smaller than an atom that make up its structure?

    <p>Sub-atomic particles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What attracts electrons to the nucleus?

    <p>The positively charged protons</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic of electrons in terms of size?

    <p>They are much smaller than protons and neutrons</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What determines the chemical properties and reactivity of an element?

    <p>The arrangement of electrons in the outermost shell</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the modern model of the atom referred to as?

    <p>The electron cloud model</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic of pure substances?

    <p>They consist of only one type of matter throughout</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is understanding pure substances important in chemistry?

    <p>It provides a baseline for how elements and compounds behave when not mixed with other materials</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What keeps electrons in orbit around the nucleus?

    <p>The positively charged protons</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of valence electrons?

    <p>They are involved in chemical bonding</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the electron cloud model used for?

    <p>To understand the behavior of atoms in chemical reactions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an example of a pure substance?

    <p>Water (H2O)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is understanding pure substances important in chemistry?

    <p>To provide a baseline for studying chemical reactions and properties</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is characteristic of electrons in terms of their size compared to protons and neutrons?

    <p>They are smaller</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of protons in an atom?

    <p>To attract electrons to the nucleus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about neutrons is true?

    <p>Neutrons contribute to the atomic mass of an atom</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main difference between protons and neutrons?

    <p>Their electrical charge</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which sub-atomic particles are responsible for the overall charge of an atom?

    <p>Protons and electrons</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the relationship between the number of protons and the identity of an element?

    <p>The number of protons determines the atomic number of an element</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the region around the atomic nucleus where electrons are likely to be found?

    <p>Electron cloud</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of protons in the atomic nucleus?

    <p>They determine the atomic number and identity of an element</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main difference between electrons and protons?

    <p>Their electrical charge</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary reason why electrons are arranged in a specific way in an atom?

    <p>To achieve a stable arrangement of electrons in the outermost shell</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the key characteristic of pure substances that makes them essential for studying chemical reactions?

    <p>Their uniform composition throughout</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the electron cloud model primarily used to understand?

    <p>The behavior of atoms in different chemical reactions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of valence electrons in chemical bonding?

    <p>They are particularly important for forming chemical bonds</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary difference between electrons and protons in terms of their size?

    <p>Electrons are smaller than protons</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of the nucleus in the electron cloud model?

    <p>It is a dense, positively charged region</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary reason for the existence of neutrons in the atomic nucleus?

    <p>To stabilize the nucleus by reducing electrostatic repulsion between protons</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of the number of protons in an atom?

    <p>It determines the atomic number and identity of an element</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the relationship between protons and electrons in an atom?

    <p>Protons attract electrons, while electrons repel protons</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the region around the atomic nucleus where electrons are likely to be found?

    <p>Electron cloud</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of electrons in terms of their size compared to protons and neutrons?

    <p>Electrons are smaller than protons and neutrons</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of the atomic number of an element?

    <p>It determines the identity of an element</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of protons in the atomic nucleus?

    <p>To determine the atomic number and identity of an element</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of electrons in an atom?

    <p>To orbit the nucleus and maintain the atom's structure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary reason electrons are attracted to the nucleus?

    <p>Because of the positive charge of protons</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of valence electrons in an element?

    <p>They are involved in chemical bonding</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an essential characteristic of pure substances?

    <p>They consist of only one type of matter throughout</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the electron cloud model used to understand?

    <p>The behavior and interaction of atoms in different chemical reactions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic of electrons in terms of their size compared to protons and neutrons?

    <p>They are much smaller than protons and neutrons, approximately 1/2000th their size</p> Signup and view all the answers

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