Study Guide: Natural Product Drug Discovery

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Questions and Answers

What is the average molecular weight of natural product drugs?

1,000 grams per mol

2,000 grams per mol

300 to 400 grams per mol

400 to 500 grams per mol (correct)

How do natural product drugs differ from herbal remedies and botanical dietary supplements?

Natural product drugs are not derived from biological sources.

Natural product drugs have a lower molecular weight than herbal remedies.

Natural product drugs are mixtures of compounds.

Natural product drugs require FDA approval, whereas herbal remedies do not. (correct)

What percentage of approved drugs from 1981 to 2019 were considered purely natural products?

3.8% (correct)

25%

10.5%

50%

Which of the following best describes synthetic drugs?

Human-made drugs based on organisms' genetic blueprints. Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of natural products in the context of synthetic drug development?

They often act as starting points that are modified to enhance therapeutic potential. Signup and view all the answers

Which category includes synthetic drugs inspired by natural products?

S star category Signup and view all the answers

Which structure class does geldanamycin belong to?

Polyketides: contains ketone and methylene Signup and view all the answers

What is the defining feature of alkaloids?

Contain basic nitrogen where the lone pair is not involved in aromaticity Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following structure classes is classified as containing a carbohydrate moiety?

Glycosides Signup and view all the answers

Which structure class does bufotenin belong to?

Alkaloids: contains basic nitrogen (lone pair not involved in aromaticity) Signup and view all the answers

What is one disadvantage of natural products (NP)?

Complexity in structure-activity relationship (SAR) Signup and view all the answers

From which sources are polyketides primarily derived?

Predominantly from bacteria Signup and view all the answers

Which statement accurately describes the producers of biosynthetic compounds?

Polyketides are typically associated with bacteria. Signup and view all the answers

What is a key step in Dr. Luesch's research pipeline?

In-depth biological studies after structure determination. Signup and view all the answers

Which option best describes the relationship between natural products and synthetic drugs?

Natural products can inspire the design of synthetic drugs. Signup and view all the answers

What is an essential challenge in the drug discovery process?

Target identification and mechanism of action determination. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about synthetic drugs is false?

Synthetic drugs exist as complex mixtures. Signup and view all the answers

What does the term 'biosynthetic signatures' refer to?

The chemical structures that indicate which organisms produce specific compounds. Signup and view all the answers

What role do genetic aspects play in Dr. Luesch's research?

They help in identifying genes responsible for compound production. Signup and view all the answers

Which option is NOT a characteristic of herbal remedies compared to single-agent drugs?

Herbals are always effective without any side effects. Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of the discovery of largazole by Dr. Luesch?

It introduced a new genus and an anti-cancer compound. Signup and view all the answers

Which statement accurately contrasts natural product drugs with synthetic drugs?

Natural products are larger and more complex than most synthetic drugs. Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the primary advantages of using natural products in drug discovery?

Natural products exhibit properties like antifungal and antibacterial activities. Signup and view all the answers

Why are natural products considered to have higher complexity compared to synthetic drugs?

Natural products are generally larger and have more chiral centers. Signup and view all the answers

What challenge is associated with the reproducibility of natural products?

Determining the true producer of a natural product can be complicated. Signup and view all the answers

How do S* drugs differ from other synthetic drugs?

Their pharmacophore is inspired by natural products. Signup and view all the answers

What is one key opportunity for sustainable production of natural products?

Expressing biosynthetic genes in other organisms. Signup and view all the answers

What does the term 'bioassay-guided fractionation' refer to?

A process that combines complex mixtures using solvent partitioning and chromatography. Signup and view all the answers

What is a significant reason that explains the effectiveness of natural products in drug approval?

Natural products often achieve high affinities due to their complex 3D structures. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a challenge concerning the supply of natural products?

Isolation of natural products can require significant amounts of material. Signup and view all the answers

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This study guide covers the essential concepts of natural product drug discovery and development, along with various other subjects such as social self, cell communication, and economic policy. Utilize diverse resources including notes and flashcards to reinforce your understanding across introductory literature, biology, Spanish, history, and psychology.