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What is another name for Aggressive Periodontitis?

Early onset periodontitis

What is the primary difference between localized and generalized aggressive periodontitis?

The distribution of periodontal destruction in the mouth (correct)

The rate of bone loss

The presence of subgingival calculus

The age of onset

Individuals with the most advanced existing periodontitis are at least risk for future clinical attachment loss.

False

Which of these is not a clinical characteristic of localized aggressive periodontitis?

The presence of subgingival calculus Signup and view all the answers

What percentage of patients with Localized Aggressive Periodontitis have elevated levels of Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans?

90% Signup and view all the answers

Most patients with Localized Aggressive Periodontitis have a strong antibody response to Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans?

True Signup and view all the answers

The rate of bone loss in Localized Aggressive Periodontitis is about three to four times faster than in chronic periodontitis.

True Signup and view all the answers

Generalized Aggressive Periodontitis usually affects individuals under the age of 30.

True Signup and view all the answers

Individuals affected with generalized aggressive periodontitis produce a poor antibody response to the pathogens present.

True Signup and view all the answers

What is the rate of bone loss in Generalized Aggressive Periodontitis compared to chronic periodontitis?

three to four times faster Signup and view all the answers

Generalized Aggressive Periodontitis can progress rapidly.

True Signup and view all the answers

Patients with Generalized Aggressive Periodontitis often have small amounts of bacterial plaque associated with the affected teeth.

True Signup and view all the answers

What are the two main types of gingival tissue responses found in Generalized Aggressive Periodontitis?

<ol> <li>acutely inflamed tissue often proliferating, ulcerated, and fiery red 2. pink gingival tissue, occasionally with some degree of stippling</li> </ol> Signup and view all the answers

The prevalence of Generalized Aggressive Periodontitis in geographically diverse adolescent populations is estimated to be below 1%.

True Signup and view all the answers

The prevalence of Generalized Aggressive Periodontitis is higher in African-Americans than in whites?

True Signup and view all the answers

The presence of Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans is found in high numbers in localized aggressive periodontal lesions.

True Signup and view all the answers

Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans can produce a strong leukotoxin that kills neutrophils.

True Signup and view all the answers

Patients with localized aggressive periodontitis are more likely to harbor the highly leukotoxic strains than periodontally healthy persons or persons with chronic periodontitis.

True Signup and view all the answers

Persons with African backgrounds have been found more likely to be infected with the more virulent strains of Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans.

True Signup and view all the answers

Not all individuals infected with Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans develop localized aggressive periodontitis.

True Signup and view all the answers

Not all individuals with localized aggressive periodontitis have detectable levels of Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans.

True Signup and view all the answers

Another factor believed to be involved in the pathogenesis of aggressive periodontitis is defective neutrophil function?

True Signup and view all the answers

70% to 75% of patients with Localized Aggressive Periodontitis have depressed neutrophil chemotaxis.

True Signup and view all the answers

Localized Aggressive Periodontitis tends to occur in families.

True Signup and view all the answers

Not all individuals with Localized Aggressive Periodontitis have depressed neutrophil chemotaxis.

True Signup and view all the answers

Not all individuals with depressed neutrophil chemotaxis develop localized aggressive periodontitis.

True Signup and view all the answers

The prevalence of aggressive periodontitis is higher in African-Americans than in whites?

True Signup and view all the answers

Localized Aggressive Periodontitis is characterized by age at onset and pattern of periodontal destruction.

True Signup and view all the answers

Localized Aggressive Periodontitis is more likely in individuals who smoke.

False Signup and view all the answers

Patients with Generalized Aggressive Periodontitis who smoke have more affected teeth and more loss of clinical attachment than nonsmoking patients with Generalized Aggressive Periodontitis.

True Signup and view all the answers

Aggressive Periodontitis is periodontal destruction that becomes clinically significant around adolescence or early adulthood.

True Signup and view all the answers

The disease has been classified into two types-localized and generalized.

True Signup and view all the answers

Other terms that have been used to describe aggressive forms of periodontitis include juvenile, localized juvenile, generalized juvenile, rapidly progressive, severe, and prepubertal periodontitis.

True Signup and view all the answers

The distinction between the localized and generalized forms is based on the distribution of the periodontal destruction in the mouth.

True Signup and view all the answers

Localized aggressive periodontitis is characterized by bone loss around the first molars and incisors.

True Signup and view all the answers

Generalized aggressive periodontitis is characterized by a more widespread pattern of periodontal destruction.

True Signup and view all the answers

Aggressive Periodontitis generally affects systemically healthy individuals less than 30 years old, although patients may be older.

True Signup and view all the answers

The rapid progression of aggressive periodontitis is a universally distinguishing feature

True Signup and view all the answers

Aggressive periodontitis is more prevalent among African-Americans.

True Signup and view all the answers

Localized Aggressive Periodontitis was formerly classified as Localized Juvenile Periodontitis (LJP).

True Signup and view all the answers

Generalized Aggressive Periodontitis encompasses the diseases previously classified as Generalized Juvenile Periodontitis (GJP) and Rapidly Progressive Periodontitis (RPP)?

True Signup and view all the answers

What does the text suggest about the pattern of bone loss for localized aggressive periodontitis?

Specific bone loss around the first molars and incisors Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary cause of pulpal disease, according to the provided text?

Dental caries Signup and view all the answers

The textbook states that periodontitis is commonly associated with significant discomfort.

False Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for localized aggressive periodontitis before the 1989 classification?

Localized juvenile periodontitis Signup and view all the answers

The prevalence of localized aggressive periodontitis is higher among African-Americans than Caucasians.

True Signup and view all the answers

What is the scientific term for the thin biofilm that can form on the surfaces of teeth in cases of localized aggressive periodontitis?

Materia alba Signup and view all the answers

The presence of bleeding on probing is a reliable predictor of future clinical attachment loss, according to the provided text.

False Signup and view all the answers

In cases of aggressive periodontitis, the process of attachment loss is often episodic, with periods of acute destruction followed by stages of quiescence.

True Signup and view all the answers

What is the prominent feature of localized aggressive periodontitis?

Specific bone loss around the first molars and incisors Signup and view all the answers

According to the provided text, what is the main bacterium associated with Localized Aggressive Periodontitis?

Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans Signup and view all the answers

What is the name for the chronic form of periodontal disease associated with the buildup of a purulent material in a pocket without drainage?

Chronic periodontal abscesses Signup and view all the answers

Generalized aggressive periodontitis is characterized by the presence of a thin biofilm on the affected teeth, which seems inconsistent with the extent of periodontal destruction.

True Signup and view all the answers

The World Workshop in Periodontics in 1966 concluded that periodontosis exists as a degenerative entity.

False Signup and view all the answers

What type of bone loss is associated with intrabony pockets?

Vertical Signup and view all the answers

A periodontal abscess can be caused by the accidental forcing of foreign objects into the tissues, according to provided text.

True Signup and view all the answers

What is NOT a characteristic that distinguishes a periodontal abscess from a periapical abscess, according to the provided text?

The morphology of the lesion Signup and view all the answers

What is a common treatment for an acute periodontal abscess?

Drainage through the pocket Signup and view all the answers

What does the term pericoronitis refer to?

Inflammation of the gingiva in relation to the crown of an incompletely erupted tooth Signup and view all the answers

The text suggests that an abscess of pulpal origin can never establish drainage through the periodontal ligament.

False Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the key concerns in treating combined periapical lesions that often require periodontal treatment?

The periodontal component of the defect commonly has plaque, calculus, and/or root roughness. Signup and view all the answers

The prognosis for teeth with combined lesions is dependent on the extent of attachment loss.

True Signup and view all the answers

What is the name for the process of transendothelial migration when a leukocyte is guided to the interendothelial junction by its own CD31 molecules?

CD31 zipper Signup and view all the answers

Phagocytes must always utilize oxidative mechanisms to kill bacteria, according to the provided text.

False Signup and view all the answers

What substance helps coat a pathogen in preparation for phagocytosis?

Opsonins Signup and view all the answers

The major histocompatibility complex, or MHC, is important for presenting antigen to T-cells, according to the provided text.

True Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a type of professional antigen presenting cell, according to the provided text?

Neutrophils Signup and view all the answers

Innate immunity adapts with repeated exposure to the same pathogen.

False Signup and view all the answers

T-cells are the only type of cells that can initiate a specific immune response, according to the provided text.

False Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the expansion of lymphocytes that specifically recognize an antigen?

Clonal expansion Signup and view all the answers

What does "titer" refer to in the context of antibodies?

The concentration of antibody required to detect a standardized amount of antigen Signup and view all the answers

The secondary antibody response is slower in onset, weaker in strength, and shorter in duration than the primary antibody response.

False Signup and view all the answers

T-cells are capable of recognizing soluble antigens like the B-cells.

False Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the molecule in the T-cell receptor that binds to MHC Class 1 or 11?

CD3 Signup and view all the answers

Activation of T-cells requires sustained TCR engagement for at least a few hours.

True Signup and view all the answers

Which two of the following are considered key T-cell costimulatory signals?

ZAP Signup and view all the answers

Natural killer cells help control intracellular antigens.

False Signup and view all the answers

What kind of receptors are involved in the recognition of MHC Class 1 molecules by NK-cells?

Killer inhibitory receptors (KIR) Signup and view all the answers

The complement system is involved in both innate and adaptive immunity, according to the provided text.

True Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the chemotaxin that directly attracts leukocytes?

C5a Signup and view all the answers

The main function of C3a is to act as an opsonin.

False Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of an inactive part of the C3b molecule, which is unable to generate C3 convertases? *

iC3b Signup and view all the answers

What are some of the molecules that can stimulate endothelial cells to express P-selectin and E-selectin on their lumenal surfaces?

IL-1ß, TNF-a, C5a, and lipopolysaccharides Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the family of molecules responsible for chemotaxis?

G-protein coupled receptor family Signup and view all the answers

The process of leukocyte transendothelial migration is a process of simple passive diffusion.

False Signup and view all the answers

Mast cells play a crucial role in initiating the neutrophil recruitment against bacteria.

True Signup and view all the answers

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Questions and Answers

What is another name for Aggressive Periodontitis?

What is the primary difference between localized and generalized aggressive periodontitis?

Individuals with the most advanced existing periodontitis are at least risk for future clinical attachment loss.

Which of these is not a clinical characteristic of localized aggressive periodontitis?

What percentage of patients with Localized Aggressive Periodontitis have elevated levels of Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans?

Most patients with Localized Aggressive Periodontitis have a strong antibody response to Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans?

The rate of bone loss in Localized Aggressive Periodontitis is about three to four times faster than in chronic periodontitis.

Generalized Aggressive Periodontitis usually affects individuals under the age of 30.

Individuals affected with generalized aggressive periodontitis produce a poor antibody response to the pathogens present.

What is the rate of bone loss in Generalized Aggressive Periodontitis compared to chronic periodontitis?

Generalized Aggressive Periodontitis can progress rapidly.

Patients with Generalized Aggressive Periodontitis often have small amounts of bacterial plaque associated with the affected teeth.

What are the two main types of gingival tissue responses found in Generalized Aggressive Periodontitis?

The prevalence of Generalized Aggressive Periodontitis in geographically diverse adolescent populations is estimated to be below 1%.

The prevalence of Generalized Aggressive Periodontitis is higher in African-Americans than in whites?

The presence of Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans is found in high numbers in localized aggressive periodontal lesions.

Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans can produce a strong leukotoxin that kills neutrophils.

Patients with localized aggressive periodontitis are more likely to harbor the highly leukotoxic strains than periodontally healthy persons or persons with chronic periodontitis.

Persons with African backgrounds have been found more likely to be infected with the more virulent strains of Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans.

Not all individuals infected with Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans develop localized aggressive periodontitis.

Not all individuals with localized aggressive periodontitis have detectable levels of Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans.

Another factor believed to be involved in the pathogenesis of aggressive periodontitis is defective neutrophil function?

70% to 75% of patients with Localized Aggressive Periodontitis have depressed neutrophil chemotaxis.

Localized Aggressive Periodontitis tends to occur in families.

Not all individuals with Localized Aggressive Periodontitis have depressed neutrophil chemotaxis.

Not all individuals with depressed neutrophil chemotaxis develop localized aggressive periodontitis.

The prevalence of aggressive periodontitis is higher in African-Americans than in whites?

Localized Aggressive Periodontitis is characterized by age at onset and pattern of periodontal destruction.

Localized Aggressive Periodontitis is more likely in individuals who smoke.

Patients with Generalized Aggressive Periodontitis who smoke have more affected teeth and more loss of clinical attachment than nonsmoking patients with Generalized Aggressive Periodontitis.

Aggressive Periodontitis is periodontal destruction that becomes clinically significant around adolescence or early adulthood.

The disease has been classified into two types-localized and generalized.

Other terms that have been used to describe aggressive forms of periodontitis include juvenile, localized juvenile, generalized juvenile, rapidly progressive, severe, and prepubertal periodontitis.

The distinction between the localized and generalized forms is based on the distribution of the periodontal destruction in the mouth.

Localized aggressive periodontitis is characterized by bone loss around the first molars and incisors.

Generalized aggressive periodontitis is characterized by a more widespread pattern of periodontal destruction.

Aggressive Periodontitis generally affects systemically healthy individuals less than 30 years old, although patients may be older.

The rapid progression of aggressive periodontitis is a universally distinguishing feature

Aggressive periodontitis is more prevalent among African-Americans.

Localized Aggressive Periodontitis was formerly classified as Localized Juvenile Periodontitis (LJP).

Generalized Aggressive Periodontitis encompasses the diseases previously classified as Generalized Juvenile Periodontitis (GJP) and Rapidly Progressive Periodontitis (RPP)?

What does the text suggest about the pattern of bone loss for localized aggressive periodontitis?

What is the primary cause of pulpal disease, according to the provided text?

The textbook states that periodontitis is commonly associated with significant discomfort.

What is the term for localized aggressive periodontitis before the 1989 classification?

The prevalence of localized aggressive periodontitis is higher among African-Americans than Caucasians.

What is the scientific term for the thin biofilm that can form on the surfaces of teeth in cases of localized aggressive periodontitis?

The presence of bleeding on probing is a reliable predictor of future clinical attachment loss, according to the provided text.

In cases of aggressive periodontitis, the process of attachment loss is often episodic, with periods of acute destruction followed by stages of quiescence.

What is the prominent feature of localized aggressive periodontitis?

According to the provided text, what is the main bacterium associated with Localized Aggressive Periodontitis?

What is the name for the chronic form of periodontal disease associated with the buildup of a purulent material in a pocket without drainage?

Generalized aggressive periodontitis is characterized by the presence of a thin biofilm on the affected teeth, which seems inconsistent with the extent of periodontal destruction.

The World Workshop in Periodontics in 1966 concluded that periodontosis exists as a degenerative entity.

What type of bone loss is associated with intrabony pockets?

A periodontal abscess can be caused by the accidental forcing of foreign objects into the tissues, according to provided text.

What is NOT a characteristic that distinguishes a periodontal abscess from a periapical abscess, according to the provided text?

What is a common treatment for an acute periodontal abscess?

What does the term pericoronitis refer to?

The text suggests that an abscess of pulpal origin can never establish drainage through the periodontal ligament.

What is one of the key concerns in treating combined periapical lesions that often require periodontal treatment?

The prognosis for teeth with combined lesions is dependent on the extent of attachment loss.

What is the name for the process of transendothelial migration when a leukocyte is guided to the interendothelial junction by its own CD31 molecules?

Phagocytes must always utilize oxidative mechanisms to kill bacteria, according to the provided text.

What substance helps coat a pathogen in preparation for phagocytosis?

The major histocompatibility complex, or MHC, is important for presenting antigen to T-cells, according to the provided text.

Which of the following is NOT a type of professional antigen presenting cell, according to the provided text?

Innate immunity adapts with repeated exposure to the same pathogen.

T-cells are the only type of cells that can initiate a specific immune response, according to the provided text.

What is the term for the expansion of lymphocytes that specifically recognize an antigen?

What does "titer" refer to in the context of antibodies?

The secondary antibody response is slower in onset, weaker in strength, and shorter in duration than the primary antibody response.

T-cells are capable of recognizing soluble antigens like the B-cells.

What is the name of the molecule in the T-cell receptor that binds to MHC Class 1 or 11?

Activation of T-cells requires sustained TCR engagement for at least a few hours.

Which two of the following are considered key T-cell costimulatory signals?