Podcast
Questions and Answers
Who was the first woman pediatrician admitted to Harvard Medical School?
Who was the first woman pediatrician admitted to Harvard Medical School?
Which scientist is known for developing Banana Ketchup and Soyalac?
Which scientist is known for developing Banana Ketchup and Soyalac?
What significant theory did the Copernican Theory challenge?
What significant theory did the Copernican Theory challenge?
Who is recognized as the Father of Modern Ophthalmology in the Philippines?
Who is recognized as the Father of Modern Ophthalmology in the Philippines?
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Which of the following inventions is Gregorio Zara credited with?
Which of the following inventions is Gregorio Zara credited with?
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What was one of the greatest contributions of the Greek civilization?
What was one of the greatest contributions of the Greek civilization?
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Who is credited with the invention of the telephone?
Who is credited with the invention of the telephone?
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Which ancient writing system was used by Egyptians and involved symbols?
Which ancient writing system was used by Egyptians and involved symbols?
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During which period was the printing press invented by Johann Gutenberg?
During which period was the printing press invented by Johann Gutenberg?
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Which of the following was a healing practice of pre-colonial Filipinos?
Which of the following was a healing practice of pre-colonial Filipinos?
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In the context of scientific knowledge, what does the term 'antecedents' refer to?
In the context of scientific knowledge, what does the term 'antecedents' refer to?
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Which invention was designed to provide an accurate way to track time?
Which invention was designed to provide an accurate way to track time?
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What form of currency was used by the Chinese in the 17th century?
What form of currency was used by the Chinese in the 17th century?
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Which law provides scholarships to deserving students in the Philippines based on socio-economic status?
Which law provides scholarships to deserving students in the Philippines based on socio-economic status?
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Which invention was recognized for its role in communication during the modern age?
Which invention was recognized for its role in communication during the modern age?
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Study Notes
Science and Technology Studies (STS)
- Science encompasses systematic observation of the natural world, emphasizing evidence-based findings.
- Technology involves applying scientific knowledge practically.
Antecedents of Science and Technology
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Ancient Period:
- Cuneiform: First writing system developed in Mesopotamia.
- The Wheel: Innovation by Sumerians facilitating transport.
- Hieroglyphics: Egyptian writing using symbols carved on surfaces.
- Papyrus: Early form of paper made by Egyptians.
- Watermills: Significant Greek invention harnessing water power.
- Newspaper: Romans created gazettes, the first known mass media.
- Shadoof: Device for irrigation, manually lifting water.
- Antikythera Mechanism: Ancient mechanical device predicting celestial positions.
- Aeliopile: Early steam-powered turbine.
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Middle Ages:
- Printing Press: Revolutionized information dissemination, invented by Gutenberg.
- Heavy Plough: Improved agricultural capabilities by slicing soil.
- Compound Microscope: Developed by Zacharias Janssen, enhancing biological observation.
- Telescope: Instrument allowing distant viewing, transforming astronomy.
- Gunpowder: Accidental Chinese invention impacting warfare.
- Mechanical Clock: Allowed precise timekeeping.
- Jiaozi: First use of paper currency in 17th century China.
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Modern Age:
- Pasteurization: Process developed by Louis Pasteur to kill bacteria in food.
- Handwashing: Essential practice for public health.
- Vaccination: Method to induce immunity against diseases.
- Petroleum Refinery: Crucial for powering engines in various industries.
- Telephone: Communication device invented by Alexander Graham Bell.
- Engine-Powered Aeroplane: Developed by the Wright brothers, revolutionizing travel.
- Calculator: Device assisting in arithmetic calculations.
Scientific Knowledge Systems and Practices
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Pre-Colonial Period:
- Healing practices by Babaylans and Albularyos reflected advanced medical knowledge.
- Use of Baybayin script in religious texts.
- Bamboo bows inscribed with Hanuno’o characters demonstrate early literacy.
- Lunar phases and solar cycles observed for agricultural timing.
- Advanced farming techniques and maritime travel showcased by Balangkay and Karakoa ships.
- Notable engineering feat: Banaue Rice Terraces.
-
Spanish Occupation Era:
- Establishment of educational institutions, e.g., Colegio de San Ignacio (first boys' school).
- Rise of parish schools and expansion of learning.
- Manila Observatory initiated study of astronomy.
- Galeon Trade established international commerce routes.
- Opening of the Suez Canal enhanced global trade connections.
-
American Period:
- Introduction of public education by Thomasites.
- Establishment of Philippine Normal School in 1901.
- Formation of the National Research Council of the Philippines to promote scientific research.
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Post-Commonwealth Era:
- 1993 STAND: Agenda for National Development addressing domestic and export needs.
- Republic Act No. 8439: Provided benefits for science and technology personnel.
- Republic Act No. 7687: Scholarship law for talented students from disadvantaged backgrounds.
Filipino Contributions to Science and Technology
- Dr. Fe Del Mundo: Pioneer pediatrician, established first pediatric hospital in the Philippines.
- Maria Orosa: Innovator known for developing food products like Banana Ketchup.
- Gregorio Zara: Engineer and physicist, inventor of video conferencing technology.
- Germiniano De Ocampo: Founder of modern ophthalmology in the Philippines.
- Luz Oliveros-Belardo: Chemist, known for discovering essential oils and medical applications.
Paradigms and Scientific Revolutions
- Paradigms represent frameworks that guide scientific understanding, influencing perceptions of reality.
- Example of paradigm shift:
- Transition from the Ptolemaic Theory (Earth-centered) to Copernican Theory (Sun-centered).
- Shift from Aristotelian to Newtonian Physics.
- Change from Creationism to Darwinian Theory.
Khunian Cycle
- Concept illustrating the evolution of scientific paradigms through phases of normal science, crisis, and revolutionary science.
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Description
Explore the foundational concepts of Science, Technology, and their historical antecedents. This quiz delves into the systematic study of the physical and natural worlds, as well as the applications of scientific knowledge. Test your understanding of early innovations like cuneiform and the ancient wheel.
