STS 01: Science, Technology, and Society

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Questions and Answers

What is the first step in the Scientific Method?

Identify the Problem (correct)

Draw a Conclusion

Formulate a Hypothesis

Testing/Data Gathering

Which statement describes the purpose of technology?

To explore for knowledge without practical applications

To collect data for scientific experimentation

To test hypotheses in a controlled environment

To create useful applications from scientific knowledge (correct)

What is the purpose of the Scientific Method as a whole?

To simplify complex scientific concepts

To entertain philosophical inquiries

To provide a structured approach to answering questions (correct)

To summarize scientific discoveries

Which of the following is NOT a step in the Scientific Method?

Identifying Variables Signup and view all the answers

How does science contribute to technology?

By enabling scientific breakthroughs that lead to new technologies Signup and view all the answers

What does the term 'techne' refer to in relation to technology?

Craftsmanship and skills Signup and view all the answers

Which answer best describes the relationship between science and technology?

Science informs technology and vice versa. Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary focus of science as described in the content?

The systematic pursuit of knowledge about natural phenomena Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following processes is NOT part of the scientific method?

Collecting anecdotal evidence Signup and view all the answers

What aspect differentiates hypothesis formulation from problem identification?

Hypotheses are predictions about outcomes based on observations. Signup and view all the answers

What relationship does science have with societal changes according to the learning objectives?

Scientific and technological developments affect society and the environment. Signup and view all the answers

What step of the Scientific Method is represented by Maria's inquiry about extracting dye from gumamela flowers?

Recognize a Problem Signup and view all the answers

Which component of science involves testing an idea or principle through structured procedures?

Experiment Signup and view all the answers

What does a theory in science typically rely on?

Empirical evidence from repeated observations Signup and view all the answers

Peter's experiment with different vinegar on bread molds illustrates which part of the Scientific Method?

Test the Hypothesis Signup and view all the answers

Aling Nena's findings about duck eggshells indicate which step in the Scientific Method?

Draw a Conclusion Signup and view all the answers

Jose's question to the veterinarian about ticks demonstrates which aspect of the Scientific Method?

Recognize a Problem Signup and view all the answers

Vivien's soaking of her stained blouse using various soaps is an example of which step in the Scientific Method?

Test the Hypothesis Signup and view all the answers

Jojo's statement about planting monggo seeds reflects which stage of the Scientific Method?

Formulate a Hypothesis Signup and view all the answers

The assumption that increasing water supply will enhance plant growth represents which element of the Scientific Method?

Formulate a Hypothesis Signup and view all the answers

The observation that bacteria thrive better in less acidic environments suggests what step in the Scientific Method?

Draw a Conclusion Signup and view all the answers

What did Anaximander propose about human evolution?

Humans evolved from lower life forms. Signup and view all the answers

What was Pythagoras primarily credited with?

Founding a school focusing on mathematics. Signup and view all the answers

What did Empedocles theorize about matter?

Matter consists of four elements: fire, air, water, and earth. Signup and view all the answers

Who was the first to propose the concept of atoms?

Democritus Signup and view all the answers

What was a significant achievement of Eratosthenes?

He accurately calculated the Earth's circumference. Signup and view all the answers

Which civilization is known for inventing the first writing system?

Sumerian Signup and view all the answers

What role did Aristotle play in the scientific thought of the Middle Ages?

He was regarded as the ultimate authority in science. Signup and view all the answers

What does the term 'Natural Theology', endorsed by St. Thomas Aquinas, refer to?

Knowing God through studying nature. Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary contribution of Francis Bacon to the field of science?

The introduction of the Scientific Method Signup and view all the answers

Which mechanism did Charles Darwin propose for evolution?

Natural selection Signup and view all the answers

What does the concept of 'telos' refer to in the context of motion and change?

The purpose or goal of a thing Signup and view all the answers

Which scientist's work led to the foundational theory of the unconscious mind?

Sigmund Freud Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following inventions is NOT associated with the Scientific Revolution?

Electric motor Signup and view all the answers

What significant shift occurred during the Scientific Revolution?

Shift towards human reason over faith Signup and view all the answers

What characterized the Information Revolution?

Economic globalization where geography is irrelevant Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following contributions is attributed to Carl Linnaeus?

Biological taxonomy Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Historical Developments in Science and Technology

The interplay between science, technology, and society has evolved significantly through history.
Scientific advancements are influenced by societal needs and ethical considerations.

Understanding Science

Science is a systematic pursuit of knowledge about natural phenomena.
It relies on observation, experimentation, and the formulation of hypotheses.
Empirical evidence is used to build theories, laws, and principles explaining natural behaviors.

The Scientific Method

Steps include identifying a problem, gathering information, forming a hypothesis, testing, and drawing conclusions.
Provides an objective framework for scientific inquiries.

Nature of Technology

Derived from Greek words “techne” (skill) and “logos” (reason).
Technology encompasses tools, techniques, and procedures that apply scientific findings for practical use.
Technology and science are interconnected; science provides the knowledge, and technology applies it.

Historical Milestones in Science

Ancient philosophers like Thales of Miletus and Pythagoras laid foundational concepts in science.
Empedocles proposed that matter consists of four elements: earth, air, fire, and water.
Democritus theorized that matter is made up of indivisible atoms.
Eratosthenes accurately calculated the Earth’s circumference and created its first map.

Scientific and Technological Contributions in Ancient Civilizations

The Sumerians developed cuneiform writing and agricultural practices like plowing and irrigation.
Babylonians excelled in architecture and engineering, exemplified by the Hanging Gardens.

Middle Ages and the Renaissance

Science persisted through the Roman Empire, with limited contributions from European scientists.
The Renaissance reintroduced rationality in understanding the universe, moving away from strictly religious explanations.
St. Thomas Aquinas promoted studying nature to understand God.

The Scientific Revolution

Marked a shift to human reason, emphasizing empirical observation and scientific inquiry over tradition.
Nicolaus Copernicus introduced the heliocentric model, revolutionizing astronomy.

Modern Developments in Science

The 17th to 19th centuries saw advancements in various scientific fields, including chemistry and biology.
Carl Linnaeus created a foundational biological classification system, aiding Charles Darwin's evolutionary studies.
Darwin introduced Natural Selection as a mechanism of evolution.

The Information Revolution

Represents the fourth technological revolution, altering global interactions, economies, and personal perceptions.
Highlights the significance of economic globalization and the diminishing importance of geographical barriers.

Influence of Key Figures

Francis Bacon established the scientific method, combining empirical observation with rational analysis.
Sigmund Freud introduced psychoanalysis, revolutionizing psychology with concepts of the unconscious mind.

Summary of Major Theories and Innovations

Advances in the understanding of gases, electricity, and human circulatory systems significantly impacted medical and physical sciences.
Innovations such as the telescope, microscope, and printing press transformed scientific communication and exploration.

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Description

This quiz focuses on the historical antecedents in which social considerations have influenced the development of science and technology. It is designed for students in the STS 01 course, exploring key concepts and the interrelationship between societal values and scientific progress.