18 Questions
What type of polymer is cellulose?
A polymer of β-glucose
In which structure do the hydroxyl (OH) groups of cellulose form hydrogen bonds with neighbouring chains?
In rigid microfibrils
Which animals host bacteria that can digest cellulose into soluble sugars?
Cattle, horses, and termites
What is the major structural material of plant cell walls?
Cellulose
Which carbohydrate is the most abundant organic compound on earth?
Cellulose
Where are the glucose chains of glycogen organized?
As branches of a tree from a protein molecule
Which of the following is a characteristic of polysaccharides?
Used as energy stores and structural materials
Why are starch and glycogen suitable as energy storage molecules?
They fold into compact shapes within limited space and can be easily hydrolyzed
Which component of starch has a straight chain structure?
Amylose
What is the main reason why cellulose and chitin are suitable as structural materials?
Composed of long fibers with high tensile strength
What is the characteristic that makes starch insoluble in cold water?
Presence of glycosidic bonds between glucose monomers
Which type of macromolecule are polysaccharides like starch and glycogen?
Carbohydrates
What gives a blue-black colour with iodine solution, and why?
Amylose, due to the slip of iodide complex into the α-helix coil
Why does a suspension of amylopectin in water give a red-violet colour with iodine solution?
Due to little interaction between the iodide complex and amylopectin
Which carbohydrate is the most common in human staple foods like rice, wheat, maize, cassava, and potatoes?
Starch
Why is glycogen considered the animal equivalent of starch?
Due to its compact structure and insolubility in water
Which compound is easily broken down into maltose and glucose by hydrolysis?
Starch
What is the main function of starch in industry?
As a thickening agent or stabilizer
Test your knowledge on the structure of glycogen and cellulose, including the arrangement of glucose chains in branches and the organization of β-glucose in cellulose molecules.
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