24 Questions
What is the primary goal of problem-focused coping?
To alter or manage the problem causing stress
According to research, what is a factor consistently related to happiness?
Perceived control over one's life
What type of coping involves attempting to manage one's emotions in response to stress?
Emotion-focused coping
What is the importance of social support in health and longevity?
It is a vital factor in health and longevity
What is a common stress reduction technique?
Practicing mindfulness and meditation
What is the main difference between problem-focused and emotion-focused coping strategies?
Problem-focused coping aims to alleviate the source of the stress, while emotion-focused coping aims to reduce negative emotions.
What is likely to occur when an individual perceives a stressor as controllable?
They are more likely to engage in problem-focused coping.
What is the result of parenting difficulties during the first year of life on the development of asthma?
A 107% increase in the chances of developing asthma
What is a consequence of breaking off an important life partnership on the development of asthma?
A 124% increase in the chances of developing asthma
What is reappraisal?
A coping strategy that involves reappraising the stressor to make it less threatening.
What is the tendency people have when estimating the impact of life events on their happiness?
To overestimate the impact
According to longitudinal studies of British civil servants, what is the relationship between job control and heart disease?
Lower job control is associated with a higher risk of heart disease.
What is social support?
The soothing and beneficial support of others.
What can be done if real-life social support is lacking?
Seek distant friends via social media to compensate for the lack of real-life social support.
What is the relationship between perceived control and health?
Higher perceived control is associated with better health outcomes.
What was the finding of a pioneering study on spouses of cancer patients?
Spouses who reported high levels of social support showed indications of better immune functioning.
What is a common concern that can compromise our sense of well-being?
Financial security
What type of stressors may non-traditional college students face in addition to the usual college stressors?
Raising children or holding down a full-time job
What has been a longstanding area of scientific interest in psychology?
Stress, including how we adapt and cope
What is a consequence of job strain, according to a study by Aboa-Éboulé et al. (2007)?
Risk for acute recurrent coronary heart disease events
What is the term for a coping style that involves changing or avoiding the stressful situation?
Problem-focused coping
What is the term for a coping style that involves managing one's emotional response to the stressful situation?
Emotion-focused coping
What is a concept that refers to the idea that people can learn to be helpless in the face of stress?
Learned helplessness
What is a potential benefit of having a strong social support network in terms of stress and health?
Reduced risk of chronic diseases
Study Notes
Coping with Stress
- Problem-focused coping involves trying to alleviate the source of stress, whereas emotion-focused coping involves efforts to change or reduce negative emotions associated with stress.
- Problem-focused coping is more likely to occur when encountering stressors perceived as controllable, while emotion-focused coping is more likely to predominate when faced with stressors that seem uncontrollable.
Control and Stress
- Perceived control refers to people's beliefs concerning their capacity to influence and shape outcomes in their lives.
- Higher perceived control is linked to better health management and engagement in health-promoting behaviors.
Social Support
- Social support refers to soothing and beneficial support from others, which can take forms such as advice, guidance, encouragement, acceptance, emotional comfort, and tangible assistance.
- Access to social support can compensate for lack of real-life social support, and can even improve immune functioning.
- Spouses of cancer patients with high levels of social support showed better immune functioning compared to those with lower social support.
Stress and Asthma
- Parenting difficulties during the first year of life increase the risk of developing asthma in children by 107%.
- High rates of parent or personal conflicts increase the risk of asthma onset.
- Breaking off an important life partnership increases the risk of developing asthma by 124%.
Coping Styles
- Coping styles can be differentiated into two fundamental kinds: problem-focused and emotion-focused coping.
- Problem-focused coping involves managing or altering the problem causing stress, while emotion-focused coping involves efforts to change or reduce negative emotions associated with stress.
Learn about the different approaches to managing stress, including problem-focused and emotion-focused coping strategies. Understand how reappraisal and other techniques can help alleviate stress.
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