Stress and Fetal Development Quiz

<p>To explain how developing adaptive responses to stress can be beneficial</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Causes a decrease in birth weight and head circumference</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>By increasing the level of glucocorticoids at the end of pregnancy</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It may be aversive and hinder postnatal adaptation</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The higher the cortisol level, the higher the learning ability</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It decreases both fetal movement and heart rate</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They originate in response to maternal stress during fetal life.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Non-genetic factors permanently alter physiological systems in the developing fetus.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Cortisol production increases until free cortisol returns to its original level.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To prevent immune system overreaction against healthy cells and tissues.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They are more important than what happened in the womb.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It can permanently affect the structure and function of biological systems.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Pregnant women exhibit increased cortisol blood levels without symptoms of glucocorticoid excess.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>'Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal Axis'</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Moderate levels of stress may benefit optimal development = Sensitizes developing nervous system High levels of cortisol in the foetus are not always beneficial for optimal development = Physiological impact of maternal stress Cortisol is necessary for development = Triggers birth: end of pregnancy Stress affects the sympathetic nervous system = Adrenaline &amp; cortisol affects developing foetus</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Influence growth in uterus, activity of pancreas = Triggers birth: end of pregnancy Maturation of organ system = Cortisol helps with survival Certain levels of stress may be beneficial = Accelerate lung maturation, decreases respiratory distress syndrome in premature infants Cortisol is part of normal development = Develop adaptive response to stress</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>↑ infant mortality and preterm births = Especially common in women under high levels of stress ↓ birth weight and head circumference = Decreased foetal movement &amp; heart rate HPA axis response = Physiological impact of maternal stress Certain levels of stress may be beneficial for development = Accelerate lung maturation, decreases respiratory distress syndrome in premature infants</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Too high levels or too chronic = aversive = Physiological impact of maternal stress Trigger of mechanism that leads to birth = Influence growth in uterus, activity of pancreas Maturation of organ system = Especially premature babies Certain levels of stress may be beneficial for optimal development = Develop adaptive response to stress</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Adrenaline &amp; cortisol affects developing foetus = Positive Aspects GLUCOCORTICOID IN FETAL DEVELOPMENT Cortisol is necessary for development = Postnatal survival &amp; postnatal adaptation Trigger of mechanism that leads to birth = Endocrine effects on placenta and foetus Stress releases adrenaline = Especially common in women under high levels of stress</p> Signup and view all the answers