54 Questions
Gas exchange in plant leaves occurs through ________, not bulk flow.
diffusion
How do plant leaves acquire resources through stomata?
By risking water loss and stress from wind and heat.
What are the three learning outcomes related to plant leaves mentioned in the text?
Stomata function, leaf positioning, and stress impacts on leaf shapes
True or false: Diffusion is the mechanism by which gas exchange occurs in mammalian lungs.
False
What are the three learning outcomes related to plant leaves mentioned in the text?
Stomata function, leaf positioning, and stress impacts on leaf shapes
Gas exchange in plant leaves occurs through ________, unlike bulk flow in mammalian lungs.
diffusion
How does gas exchange occur in plant leaves?
Through diffusion
Stomata are the only gateways for ________ to enter inside the leaf, but they also allow water to escape, leading to water loss.
carbon dioxide
What are stomata?
Gateways for CO2 to enter leaves.
Stomata are gateways for CO2 but also cause water loss, and guard cells control ________ size.
aperture
True or false: Water loss is not a concern for plant leaves during photosynthesis.
False
How does gas exchange occur in plant leaves?
Through diffusion
True or false: Stomata allow both carbon dioxide and oxygen to enter inside the leaf.
False
How do mammalian lungs acquire gases?
Through bulk flow.
What are stomata and what is their function?
They are guard cells that control water loss in plant leaves
What are stomata and what is their function?
Gateways for CO2 but also cause water loss, and guard cells control aperture size
Guard cells control the size of stomatal apertures and are affected by the concentration of ________, potassium ions, and the solute potential of the cells.
sucrose
Optimal stomatal density is controlled by signaling molecules to maximize ________ diffusion.
CO2
How do guard cells control stomatal aperture?
Through changes in turgidity
How have stomata improved in minimizing water loss and optimizing carbon gain?
By controlling the size of the stomatal aperture through turgidity and solute potential.
True or false: Guard cells are not affected by the concentration of sucrose and potassium ions.
False
The optimal stomatal density that maximizes rates of CO2 diffusion while minimizing water loss is tightly controlled by ________.
plants
How do guard cells control stomatal aperture?
Through turgidity changes
Changes in CO2 concentration have led to changes in stomatal density ________ time.
over
True or false: Plants do not have precise control over stomatal density.
False
What is the optimal stomatal density controlled by?
Signaling molecules to maximize CO2 diffusion
Plants regulate stomatal density through signaling molecules that prevent neighboring epidermal cells from becoming ________ cells.
guard
Rubisco inefficiency leads to ________, but plants have developed alternative pathways.
photorespiration
What is the role of guard cells in stomatal function?
To control the size of the stomatal aperture
How is optimal stomatal density controlled?
Through signaling molecules
C4 plants use a different pathway for photosynthesis to reduce photorespiration and ________ loss.
water
Rubisco, the enzyme responsible for carbon fixation, is inefficient and can bind to oxygen, causing ________, which reduces water loss.
photorespiration
True or false: Rubisco is a highly efficient enzyme responsible for carbon fixation.
False
What has led to changes in stomatal density over time?
Changes in CO2 concentration
What has led to changes in stomatal density over time?
Changes in CO2 concentration
How is stomatal density controlled in leaves?
To ensure net CO2 diffusion into the leaf.
C4 plants have a different anatomy and pathway for photosynthesis that reduces rates of ________ and water loss.
photorespiration
How do plants adjust stomatal density?
As a function of CO2 concentration in the air.
What is photorespiration and what causes it?
It is a process that produces carbon dioxide and is caused by Rubisco inefficiency
What does Rubisco inefficiency lead to?
Photorespiration
CAM plants fix CO2 into 4-carbon sugar molecules exclusively at ________ to reduce water loss.
night
True or false: C4 plants and CAM plants have the same anatomy and pathway for photosynthesis.
False
How do C4 plants reduce photorespiration and water loss?
By using a different pathway for photosynthesis
How do C4 plants reduce photorespiration and water loss?
By using a different pathway for photosynthesis
True or false: Photorespiration reduces water loss in plant leaves.
False
What is Rubisco and why is it inefficient?
Rubisco is an enzyme that fixes carbon in photosynthesis but readily binds to oxygen, leading to photorespiration.
Plant leaves acquire CO2 and light, but are at risk of water loss and ________.
stress.
CAM plants fix carbon dioxide into a ________ sugar molecule exclusively at night to reduce water loss, but there is a limit to how much CO2 they can sequester.
4-carbon
Plant leaves acquire carbon dioxide and light for photosynthesis but are at risk of excessive water loss and stress from ________ and thermal factors.
wind
How do C4 plants differ from C3 plants?
C4 plants fix CO2 into a 4-carbon sugar molecule and lose half as much water as C3 plants.
True or false: CAM plants exclusively fix carbon dioxide into a 3-carbon sugar molecule at night.
False
What is the strategy of CAM plants to minimize water loss?
Fix CO2 into a 4-carbon sugar molecule at night.
True or false: Wind and thermal stress do not affect the shape of plant leaves.
False
The lecture covers the basic functioning of stomata, the importance of leaf positioning and crown architecture, and the impact of ________ and thermal stress on leaf shapes.
wind
Put your knowledge of plant leaves to the test with this quiz on stomata! Learn about how leaves acquire resources, the risks they face, and the basic functioning of stomata. Keywords: plant leaves, resource acquisition, stomata, water loss, wind, thermal stress.
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