Stoma Care and Cancer Treatment Quiz

Podcast

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson

Questions and Answers

What should be monitored in the peristomal skin status after the appliance removal?

Normal transient redness (correct)

Increased skin elasticity

Enhanced blood circulation

Constant irritation around stoma

Which method of radiation therapy is specifically used for treating liver cancer or metastasis?

Selective Internal Radiation Therapy (SIRT) (correct)

Chemotherapy with oxaliplatin

Brachytherapy y90

External Beam Radiation Therapy (EBRT)

What is a potential side effect of using oxaliplatin in treatment?

Enhanced cognitive function

Decreased appetite

Grade 3 neuropathy (correct)

Increased heart rate

What interval should irrigation be performed for stoma care?

Once a day at the same time Signup and view all the answers

What indicates that skin breakdown may occur under the stoma?

Burning sensation under the skin Signup and view all the answers

What is a significant difference between Folfox4 and Folfox6 chemotherapy regimens?

Folfox6 emits bolos after the first day Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of Yttrium-90 in cancer treatment?

To deliver radiation directly to the tumor Signup and view all the answers

How often should bleeding complications be reported in a patient with stoma?

Immediately on occurrence Signup and view all the answers

What is mentioned as a common imaging system for visualizing blood supply in tumors?

MRI Signup and view all the answers

What can result from an enlarged prostate gland?

Abnormal urinary function Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a type of systemic therapy used to treat cancer?

Surgery Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the primary purposes of bowel preparation prior to surgery?

To enhance recovery time Signup and view all the answers

What are colostomy bags with a close pouch used for?

To collect fecal material Signup and view all the answers

Which of these laboratory tests is NOT typically used to check for possible metastasis?

Rectal biopsy Signup and view all the answers

Which condition is characterized by noncancerous growths that may develop into colon cancer?

Flat polyp Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary concern when monitoring post-operative care after a colostomy?

Return of peristalsis Signup and view all the answers

Why is it important to apply adhesive surface over the stoma for colostomy care?

To prevent infection Signup and view all the answers

What role do early ambulation and postoperative care play in recovery?

Stimulate bowel recovery Signup and view all the answers

Which method is primarily used to remove polyps within the colon?

Endoscopic Polypectomy Signup and view all the answers

What is the major risk associated with fecal material in colostomy care?

Peristomal skin irritation Signup and view all the answers

What type of therapy involves treating only the primary site of cancer?

Local therapy Signup and view all the answers

What is a common post-operative teaching for patients with a stoma?

Limit foods that cause gas formation Signup and view all the answers

When is the best time to apply skincare for a stoma?

When the pouch is about to be changed Signup and view all the answers

What dietary changes can help decrease the risk of gastrointestinal issues?

Higher consumption of high fiber foods Signup and view all the answers

What is indicated by tan-colored stools?

Indigested fats due to liver congestion Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of a Fecal Occult Blood Test (FOBT)?

Detect blood in the stool Signup and view all the answers

What should be avoided for 3 days prior to taking a FOBT?

Red meat and raw vegetables Signup and view all the answers

Which color of stool can indicate upper GI bleeding?

Black Signup and view all the answers

During a digital rectal examination (DRE), what is being assessed?

Presence of rectal abnormalities Signup and view all the answers

Which factor can lead to a false positive reading in FOBT?

Consuming vitamin C Signup and view all the answers

What does a flexible sigmoidoscopy (F.SIG) visualize?

Lower third of the colon Signup and view all the answers

What could green-colored stools indicate?

Inflammatory bowel disease or malnutrition Signup and view all the answers

If a patient is menstruating, when should they delay testing?

Three days post menstruation Signup and view all the answers

What is indicated by gray or white stools?

Possible pancreatic or liver injury Signup and view all the answers

Which lifestyle factor can exacerbate carbon dioxide toxicity?

Sedentary lifestyle Signup and view all the answers

Which method is used to assess for stool characteristics?

Stool examination Signup and view all the answers

Digital rectal examination (DRE) helps in detecting what?

Anomalies in rectal tissue Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Gastrointestinal Tract Cancer

Over 200 types of cancer exist, each treated based on type, stage, genetic mutations, and available therapies.
Radiation often combined with other therapies.
Clinical trials provide access to new treatments.
Immunotherapy and chemotherapy integration is effective in non-squamous, non-small cell lung cancers.
Genetically engineered T-cells show enhanced anti-tumor activity.
Stomach, esophagus, liver, gallbladder, and pancreas are common GI cancer sites.
Cancer development is influenced by exposure to gastric acids, enzymes, and food chemicals.
Gravity affects stomach content settling; cardia area is vulnerable to acid damage.
Gastroesophageal junction acts as a sphincter to control stomach acid reflux.
Cancer risk increases with GERD, affecting cell structure, and predisposing to gastric cancer.
High insulin levels from obesity increase cell proliferation, increasing cancer risk.

Risk Factors

Esophagus: Age, smoking, obesity, GERD, Barrett's esophagus, diet, family history.
Stomach: Obesity, GERD, diet, vitamin B12 malabsorption (pernicious anemia), exposure to chemicals (nitrates, processed foods), family history.
Liver: Chronic liver injury (inflammation, cells regenerating), age, gender (males > females), aflatoxin B (contaminated food), alcohol use, hepatitis, family history.
Pancreas: Age, gender, smoking, diabetes mellitus, family history.

Types of Cancer and Treatment Options

Esophageal Cancer (Esophagectomy):*
Partial removal of the esophagus via anastomosis.
Pre-op consults with cardiopulmonary specialists.
Post-op barium swallow to check for leaks.
NGT insertion and flushing with saline to check for leaks after anastomosis.
Dietary restrictions (avoid specific foods to prevent regurgitation).
Liver Cancer: (Hepatectomy)*
Treatment of choice is resection of the tumor.
Lobectomy (removal of a lobe) may be an option if the tumor is confined to one lobe.
Liver transplant can be discussed based on individual cases and meet Milan criteria.
Pancreatic Cancer (Whipple Procedure):*
Removal of the head of the pancreas, adjacent structures including duodenum, duodenum papilla, pancreatic duct, common bile duct.
Restores GI tract continuity through anastomoses (connections) of remaining structures.

Screening & Diagnostic Tests

Barium Swallow: A fluoroscopic X-ray procedure using barium to visualize the upper GI tract.
EGD (Esophagogastroduodenoscopy): Endoscopic visualization of the esophagus, stomach, and duodenum.
ERCP (Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography): Defines conditions in the liver and pancreas, using endoscopy and fluoroscopy for diagnosis.
Biopsy: (Diagnostic Test) Removal of a tissue sample for detailed examination under a microscope, usually with a fine needle aspiration.
Staging of Tumors: Determined by tumor size, location and depth of invasion, involvement of lymph nodes), and distant metastasis.
Grading of tumors: Gleason's system used for prostate tumors; determines tumor aggressiveness.

Studying That Suits You

Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.

Description

This quiz assesses your knowledge on stoma care, chemotherapy regimens, radiation therapies, and skin monitoring after appliance removal. You'll encounter questions on specific treatments and potential side effects in the context of managing cancer patients. Test your understanding of important clinical practices in oncology.