Stoma Care and Cancer Treatment Quiz
37 Questions
0 Views

Choose a study mode

Play Quiz
Study Flashcards
Spaced Repetition
Chat to Lesson

Podcast

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson

Questions and Answers

What should be monitored in the peristomal skin status after the appliance removal?

  • Normal transient redness (correct)
  • Increased skin elasticity
  • Enhanced blood circulation
  • Constant irritation around stoma

Which method of radiation therapy is specifically used for treating liver cancer or metastasis?

  • Selective Internal Radiation Therapy (SIRT) (correct)
  • Chemotherapy with oxaliplatin
  • Brachytherapy y90
  • External Beam Radiation Therapy (EBRT)

What is a potential side effect of using oxaliplatin in treatment?

  • Enhanced cognitive function
  • Decreased appetite
  • Grade 3 neuropathy (correct)
  • Increased heart rate

What interval should irrigation be performed for stoma care?

<p>Once a day at the same time (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What indicates that skin breakdown may occur under the stoma?

<p>Burning sensation under the skin (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a significant difference between Folfox4 and Folfox6 chemotherapy regimens?

<p>Folfox6 emits bolos after the first day (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of Yttrium-90 in cancer treatment?

<p>To deliver radiation directly to the tumor (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How often should bleeding complications be reported in a patient with stoma?

<p>Immediately on occurrence (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is mentioned as a common imaging system for visualizing blood supply in tumors?

<p>MRI (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What can result from an enlarged prostate gland?

<p>Abnormal urinary function (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a type of systemic therapy used to treat cancer?

<p>Surgery (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the primary purposes of bowel preparation prior to surgery?

<p>To enhance recovery time (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are colostomy bags with a close pouch used for?

<p>To collect fecal material (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of these laboratory tests is NOT typically used to check for possible metastasis?

<p>Rectal biopsy (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which condition is characterized by noncancerous growths that may develop into colon cancer?

<p>Flat polyp (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary concern when monitoring post-operative care after a colostomy?

<p>Return of peristalsis (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is it important to apply adhesive surface over the stoma for colostomy care?

<p>To prevent infection (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What role do early ambulation and postoperative care play in recovery?

<p>Stimulate bowel recovery (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which method is primarily used to remove polyps within the colon?

<p>Endoscopic Polypectomy (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the major risk associated with fecal material in colostomy care?

<p>Peristomal skin irritation (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of therapy involves treating only the primary site of cancer?

<p>Local therapy (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a common post-operative teaching for patients with a stoma?

<p>Limit foods that cause gas formation (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When is the best time to apply skincare for a stoma?

<p>When the pouch is about to be changed (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What dietary changes can help decrease the risk of gastrointestinal issues?

<p>Higher consumption of high fiber foods (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is indicated by tan-colored stools?

<p>Indigested fats due to liver congestion (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of a Fecal Occult Blood Test (FOBT)?

<p>Detect blood in the stool (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should be avoided for 3 days prior to taking a FOBT?

<p>Red meat and raw vegetables (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which color of stool can indicate upper GI bleeding?

<p>Black (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

During a digital rectal examination (DRE), what is being assessed?

<p>Presence of rectal abnormalities (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which factor can lead to a false positive reading in FOBT?

<p>Consuming vitamin C (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does a flexible sigmoidoscopy (F.SIG) visualize?

<p>Lower third of the colon (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What could green-colored stools indicate?

<p>Inflammatory bowel disease or malnutrition (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

If a patient is menstruating, when should they delay testing?

<p>Three days post menstruation (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is indicated by gray or white stools?

<p>Possible pancreatic or liver injury (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which lifestyle factor can exacerbate carbon dioxide toxicity?

<p>Sedentary lifestyle (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which method is used to assess for stool characteristics?

<p>Stool examination (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Digital rectal examination (DRE) helps in detecting what?

<p>Anomalies in rectal tissue (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Transient Redness

A temporary redness of the skin around a stoma after removing the appliance. This is a normal occurrence.

Peristomal Skin Breakdown

Redness and irritation extending 5-13 cm around the stoma. It indicates potential skin breakdown.

Brachytherapy

A type of radiation therapy where a radioactive source is placed directly into or near the tumor.

Iridium 192 Brachytherapy

A type of brachytherapy where a radioactive source is delivered via a catheter directly into the tumor.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Silicon Flap Placement

A procedure used in brachytherapy where a silicon flap is placed in the operative field to shield surrounding tissue.

Signup and view all the flashcards

SIRT (Selective Internal Radiation Therapy)

A type of brachytherapy where radioactive Yttrium-90 is injected into the artery supplying blood to the tumor.

Signup and view all the flashcards

External Beam Radiation Therapy (EBRT)

The delivery of radiation from an external source to the target area.

Signup and view all the flashcards

FOLFOX4

A chemotherapy regimen that includes Leucovorin, Fluorouracil, and Oxaliplatin. It's a standard first-line treatment for metastatic colorectal cancer.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Prostate Enlargement and Urinary Function

An enlarged prostate gland can press on the urethra, resulting in urinary problems.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Androgens

Androgens are male hormones. Understanding their role is important for prostate cancer treatment and management.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Fecal Occult Blood Test (FOBT)

A test used to detect the presence of blood in the stool. It involves a chemical reaction that changes color when blood is present.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Flexible Sigmoidoscopy (F.SIG)

A procedure that allows doctors to visualize the lower third of the colon using a flexible, thin tube with a camera.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Proctosigmoidoscopy

A visual examination of the rectum and sigmoid colon through a tube inserted through the anus.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Digital Rectal Examination (DRE)

A physical examination where a gloved finger is inserted into the rectum to check for abnormalities, like polyps, tumors or protrusions.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Hemoccult Blood Test

The presence of red blood cells in the stool.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Normal Stool Color

Stool that is brown in color.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Green Stool

Stool that is green in color, often indicating an inflammatory bowel disease or malnutrition.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Tan Stool

Stool that is tan in color, indicating possible issues with the liver and gallbladder.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Gray / White Stool

Stool that is gray or white, indicating a lack of bile and suggesting liver or pancreatic problems.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Red Stool

Stool that is red in color, possibly due to consuming high amounts of red foods, medications, hemorrhoids, diverticulitis, or lower GI bleeding.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Black Stool

Stool that is black in color, often indicating internal bleeding in th upper GI tract.

Signup and view all the flashcards

FOBT Preparation Restrictions

A condition that requires the avoidance of red meat, raw vegetables, certain medications like aspirin, iron, anticoagulants, vitamin C and K before a fecal occult blood test.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Tenesmus

The presence of straining during bowel movements, often a sign of a problem.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Post-Barium Enema Fluid Intake

Increasing fluid intake to help flush barium out of the system after a barium enema.

Signup and view all the flashcards

White Discoloration of Stools After Barium Enema

White discoloration of stools after a barium enema, which is normal and temporary.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Diverticulitis

A condition affecting the large intestine where pouches in the colon become inflamed and infected.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Appendicitis

Inflammation of the appendix, a small pouch attached to the colon.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Ulcerative Colitis

A chronic inflammatory bowel disease affecting the colon, causing ulcers and inflammation.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Adhesions

Thick bands of scar tissue that form in the abdomen, often after surgery. These bands can cause pain, blockage, and other complications.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Flat polyp / lesion

Flat growths on the lining of the colon. Most are benign, but some can become cancerous.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Polyp

A growth on the lining of the colon. They can be benign or cancerous.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Crohn's disease

A chronic inflammatory bowel disease that can affect any part of the digestive tract, causing inflammation and ulcers.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Cancer

A disease characterized by uncontrolled cell growth, often leading to tumors.

Signup and view all the flashcards

CEA

A blood test used to measure levels of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), a protein associated with certain cancers.

Signup and view all the flashcards

CA 19-9

A blood test used to measure levels of CA 19-9, a protein associated with pancreatic and other cancers.

Signup and view all the flashcards

CBC

A blood test that measures the number of red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets in the blood. It can help detect anemia, infection, and other conditions.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Systemic Therapies

A type of medical treatment that targets the entire body, such as chemotherapy and immunotherapy.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Local Therapies

A type of medical treatment that targets the primary site of the cancer, such as surgery and radiation therapy.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Endoscopic Polypectomy

A procedure to remove polyps during sigmoidoscopy or colonoscopy.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Bowel Preparation

A procedure performed before surgery to prepare the bowel. This involves following a diet, administering enemas, and other measures. It's done to reduce the likelihood of complications during surgery.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Post Operative Care

Post-surgical care that includes monitoring for complications, such as bleeding and pain, as well as supporting wound healing and restoring bowel function.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Study Notes

Gastrointestinal Tract Cancer

  • Over 200 types of cancer exist, each treated based on type, stage, genetic mutations, and available therapies.
  • Radiation often combined with other therapies.
  • Clinical trials provide access to new treatments.
  • Immunotherapy and chemotherapy integration is effective in non-squamous, non-small cell lung cancers.
  • Genetically engineered T-cells show enhanced anti-tumor activity.
  • Stomach, esophagus, liver, gallbladder, and pancreas are common GI cancer sites.
  • Cancer development is influenced by exposure to gastric acids, enzymes, and food chemicals.
  • Gravity affects stomach content settling; cardia area is vulnerable to acid damage.
  • Gastroesophageal junction acts as a sphincter to control stomach acid reflux.
  • Cancer risk increases with GERD, affecting cell structure, and predisposing to gastric cancer.
  • High insulin levels from obesity increase cell proliferation, increasing cancer risk.

Risk Factors

  • Esophagus: Age, smoking, obesity, GERD, Barrett's esophagus, diet, family history.
  • Stomach: Obesity, GERD, diet, vitamin B12 malabsorption (pernicious anemia), exposure to chemicals (nitrates, processed foods), family history.
  • Liver: Chronic liver injury (inflammation, cells regenerating), age, gender (males > females), aflatoxin B (contaminated food), alcohol use, hepatitis, family history.
  • Pancreas: Age, gender, smoking, diabetes mellitus, family history.

Types of Cancer and Treatment Options

  • Esophageal Cancer (Esophagectomy):*
  • Partial removal of the esophagus via anastomosis.
  • Pre-op consults with cardiopulmonary specialists.
  • Post-op barium swallow to check for leaks.
  • NGT insertion and flushing with saline to check for leaks after anastomosis.
  • Dietary restrictions (avoid specific foods to prevent regurgitation).
  • Liver Cancer: (Hepatectomy)*
  • Treatment of choice is resection of the tumor.
  • Lobectomy (removal of a lobe) may be an option if the tumor is confined to one lobe.
  • Liver transplant can be discussed based on individual cases and meet Milan criteria.
  • Pancreatic Cancer (Whipple Procedure):*
  • Removal of the head of the pancreas, adjacent structures including duodenum, duodenum papilla, pancreatic duct, common bile duct.
  • Restores GI tract continuity through anastomoses (connections) of remaining structures.

Screening & Diagnostic Tests

  • Barium Swallow: A fluoroscopic X-ray procedure using barium to visualize the upper GI tract.
  • EGD (Esophagogastroduodenoscopy): Endoscopic visualization of the esophagus, stomach, and duodenum.
  • ERCP (Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography): Defines conditions in the liver and pancreas, using endoscopy and fluoroscopy for diagnosis.
  • Biopsy: (Diagnostic Test) Removal of a tissue sample for detailed examination under a microscope, usually with a fine needle aspiration.
  • Staging of Tumors: Determined by tumor size, location and depth of invasion, involvement of lymph nodes), and distant metastasis.
  • Grading of tumors: Gleason's system used for prostate tumors; determines tumor aggressiveness.

Studying That Suits You

Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.

Quiz Team

Related Documents

Week 16 & 17: Upper Gastrointestinal Tract Cancer Complete PDF

Description

This quiz assesses your knowledge on stoma care, chemotherapy regimens, radiation therapies, and skin monitoring after appliance removal. You'll encounter questions on specific treatments and potential side effects in the context of managing cancer patients. Test your understanding of important clinical practices in oncology.

More Like This

Use Quizgecko on...
Browser
Open
Browser
Browser