Stoichiometry and Reactions Quiz

The number of moles of a substance corresponds to the number of molecules it contains. One mole of any substance contains the same number of molecules (Avogadro's number).

It's the mass of one mole of a substance, expressed in grams per mole (g/mol). It's calculated by adding the atomic weights (in amu) of all the atoms in a molecule.

The ratio of the coefficients of reactants and products in a balanced chemical equation. It tells us the relative number of moles of each substance involved in the reaction.

The reactant that gets completely consumed first in a chemical reaction, limiting the amount of product that can be formed. It's like having only a limited amount of one ingredient for your recipe.

The amount of product formed in a reaction, calculated using the amount of the limiting reactant.

The actual amount of product obtained in a reaction, which may be less than the theoretical yield due to factors like incomplete reactions or losses during the process.

The percentage of the theoretical yield that is actually obtained in a reaction. Calculated as (actual yield / theoretical yield) x 100%.

The heat energy released or absorbed during a chemical reaction. It's a measure of the change in enthalpy of the system.

The reactant that is completely consumed in a chemical reaction, limiting the amount of product that can be formed.

The percentage by mass of each element in a compound.

The conversion of a substance from one form to another, usually involving the breaking and forming of chemical bonds.

The process of calculating the amount of a substance that will be produced in a chemical reaction based on the amounts of reactants.

A representation of a chemical reaction using chemical formulas and coefficients, showing the reactants, products, and their relative amounts.

The mass of one mole of a substance, expressed in grams per mole.

The ratio of the mass of a substance to its volume.

The substance in a solution that dissolves in the other substance.

The process where ionic compounds break apart into their individual ions when dissolved in water. For example, when sodium chloride (NaCl) dissolves in water, it dissociates into sodium ions (Na+) and chloride ions (Cl-) surrounded by water molecules.

A chemical reaction in which two or more ions in solution combine to form an insoluble solid compound, called a precipitate, which separates from the solution.

A chemical reaction in which two or more ions in solution combine to form a gaseous product that escapes from the solution. For example, when sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3) reacts with an acid, it produces carbon dioxide (CO2), which is a gas that escapes as bubbles.

A chemical reaction in which an acid reacts with a base, producing salt and water.

A chemical reaction that involves the transfer of electrons between reactants. In this reaction, one species loses electrons (oxidation) and another species gains electrons (reduction).

Reactions that release heat into the surroundings, causing the temperature of the surroundings to increase.

Reactions that absorb heat from the surroundings, causing the temperature of the surroundings to decrease.

The amount of heat released or absorbed during a combustion reaction. It's a measure of the heat energy released when one mole of a substance burns completely in oxygen.