Sterilization Methods Quiz

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson

Which of the following methods is NOT a means of achieving sterilization?

Disinfection (correct)
Filtration
Chemicals
Heat

What is the purpose of sterilizing surgical instruments and medications that enter an already aseptic part of the body?

To preserve foods for safe consumption
To reduce the entry of adventitious agents (correct)
To slow the decay of foods
To prevent food borne illness

What is the difference between sterilization and disinfection?

Sterilization and disinfection have no relation to each other.
Sterilization reduces all forms of life, while disinfection eliminates all forms of life.
Sterilization eliminates all forms of life, while disinfection reduces all forms of life. (correct)
Sterilization and disinfection are the same process.

Which temperature range is recommended for prion elimination in autoclave treatment?

134-138 °C (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which strain of prion is inactivated relatively quickly by sterilization procedures?

263K scrapie prion (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of indicator tape in autoclaving?

To provide a visual confirmation of sterilization (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the standard setting for a hot air oven in terms of temperature and time for sterilization?

160 °C for 2 hours (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which method of sterilization uses heated saturated steam under pressure to inactivate or kill microorganisms via denaturation of macromolecules?

Steam sterilization (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the formula for the number of microorganisms after sterilization time t, given the initial number N0 and the D-value?

$N = N_0 \cdot 10^{-t/D}$ (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which sterilization method is commonly used for heat- and moisture-sensitive medical devices?

Ethylene oxide gas sterilization (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the aim of sterilization?

To inactivate or kill microorganisms (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which lenses in an Abbe condenser control the light that passes through the specimen before entering the objective lens on the microscope?

Both lenses (D) Signup and view all the answers

What does the abbreviation 'DIN' stand for in the context of microscope objective lenses?

Deutsche Industrial Normen (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of retractable objective lenses in microscopes?

To protect the lens and the slide (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which part of the microscope houses the eyepiece and objective lenses?

Head (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the condenser lens in a microscope?

To focus the light that shines up through the slide (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the rack stop in a microscope?

To determine how far up the stage can go (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the total magnification level when using a 10X eyepiece and a 40X objective lens?

400X (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which type of microscope has two eyepiece lenses?

Binocular microscope (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of an Abbe condenser in a microscope?

To control the diameter and focal point of the beam of light entering the lens system (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the arm in a microscope?

To connect the eyepiece tube to the base (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of a camera adapter in a microscope?

To enable a camera to fit on to the trinocular port of a microscope (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which part of the microscope is responsible for concentrating the light on a specimen and increasing the resolution?

Condenser (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of a cover slip in microscopy?

To flatten out liquid samples (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which type of microscope uses electrons rather than light to create an image of the target?

Electron microscope (B) Signup and view all the answers

What determines the total magnification of a microscope?

The sum of the eyepiece magnification multiplied by that of the objective lens (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which part of the microscope holds two or more objective lenses and can be rotated to easily change power?

Revolving Nosepiece (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the stage clips on a microscope?

To hold the slides in place (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the total magnification when using a 40x objective lens and a 10x eyepiece lens?

400x (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the illuminator on a microscope?

To provide a steady light source (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which type of immersion oil is more viscous?

Type B (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the formula for calculating the total magnification of a microscope?

Total magnification = magnification of eyepiece lens × magnification of objective lens (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the iris diaphragm on a microscope?

To control the illumination and adjust the contrast and resolution of a specimen (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the rack stop on a microscope?

To prevent the objective lens from accidentally hitting the stage and damaging the specimen or slide (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which part of the microscope is responsible for focusing the light on the specimen and adjusting the amount of light passing through?

Condenser (D) Signup and view all the answers

What are the three structural parts of a microscope?

Head, base, and arm (B) Signup and view all the answers

What are the optical parts of a microscope used for?

Magnifying and viewing the specimen (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which part of a microscope is responsible for holding and supporting the microscope and its components?

Base (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the optical parts of a microscope?

To view and magnify specimens (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which component of a microscope is responsible for magnifying the specimen according to its focal strength?

Lens (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which type of microscope uses lenses to refract visible light that passed through a thinly sectioned sample to produce an observable image?

Optical microscope (A) Signup and view all the answers

When did the earliest known use of simple microscopes (magnifying glasses) date back to?

13th century (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the science of investigating small objects and structures using a microscope called?

Microscopy (B) Signup and view all the answers

Who is credited with inventing the compound microscope?

Cornelis Drebbel (A) Signup and view all the answers

When did Galileo Galilei build his own improved version of the compound microscope?

1624 (B) Signup and view all the answers

Who coined the name 'microscope' for the compound microscope?

Giovanni Faber (C) Signup and view all the answers

Who achieved up to 300 times magnification using a simple single lens microscope?

Antonie van Leeuwenhoek (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which type of microscope uses electrons rather than light to create an image of the target?

Transmission electron microscope (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main purpose of fluorescence microscopy in biology?

To analyze cell structure at a molecular level (C) Signup and view all the answers

Who developed the first practical confocal laser scanning microscope?

Thomas and Christoph Cremer (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which microscope technique is approaching the resolution of electron microscopes?

Stimulated emission depletion (STED) microscopy (D) Signup and view all the answers

Sterilization

A process that eliminates all forms of microbial life, including bacteria, viruses, and spores.

Disinfection

A process that reduces the number of microorganisms to a safe level.