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Sterilization and Disinfection Methods

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Questions and Answers

What is the main difference between sterilization and disinfection?

Sterilization is only achieved through physical methods, while disinfection is only achieved through chemical methods

Sterilization is used for living tissue and skin, while disinfection is used for inanimate objects

Sterilization requires shorter exposure times compared to disinfection

Sterilization eliminates all forms of microbial life, while disinfection eliminates many or all pathogenic microorganisms, except bacterial spores (correct)

Which method is described as the most important method of sterilization in medical practice?

Radiation

Heat (correct)

Filtration

Chemical sterilants

Why are disinfectants not used for skin antisepsis?

Because they can injure skin and other tissues (correct)

Because they are not effective against microorganisms on skin

Because they have a strong odor that is not suitable for skin application

Because they can only eliminate bacterial spores

What do terms with the suffix 'cide' or 'cidal' indicate?

They indicate killing action, commonly used in germicide, sporicidal, etc. Signup and view all the answers

What are antiseptics and disinfectants used for?

Antiseptics are germicides applied to living tissue and skin; disinfectants are antimicrobials applied only to inanimate objects Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes sterilization?

Eliminating all forms of microbial life by physical or chemical methods Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes antiseptics from disinfectants?

Antiseptics are applied to living tissue and skin, while disinfectants are applied only to inanimate objects Signup and view all the answers

What is the main difference between sterilization and disinfection?

Sterilization eliminates all forms of microbial life, while disinfection eliminates many or all pathogenic microorganisms except spores Signup and view all the answers

What do terms with the suffix 'cide' or 'cidal' indicate?

Killing action against microorganisms Signup and view all the answers

What are chemical sterilants?

Disinfectants that kill spores with prolonged exposure times Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Sterilization and Disinfection

Sterilization eliminates all microorganisms, including spores, whereas disinfection eliminates most microorganisms, but not necessarily all spores.
Autoclaving is described as the most important method of sterilization in medical practice.

Antiseptics and Disinfectants

Antiseptics are used for skin antisepsis, while disinfectants are not, due to their toxic effects on skin.
Antiseptics and disinfectants are used to control the growth of microorganisms on skin and surfaces.

Terminology

Terms with the suffix 'cide' or 'cidal' (e.g., bactericide, virucidal) indicate the ability to kill microorganisms.
Chemical sterilants are chemicals used to sterilize surfaces and equipment.

Key Concepts

Sterilization is a process that completely eliminates all microorganisms, including spores, from a surface or equipment.
The main difference between sterilization and disinfection lies in their scope of microorganism elimination, with sterilization being more comprehensive.
Antiseptics are distinguished from disinfectants by their safe use on skin, whereas disinfectants are typically used on surfaces.

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Description

Learn about the definitions of sterilization, disinfectant, and antiseptic, as well as the different physical and chemical methods of sterilization. Understand the application of heat in medical practice and the use of hot air ovens and autoclaves for dry and moist heat sterilization.