Sterility Testing
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Questions and Answers

Name two aerobic bacteria mentioned in the text.

Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus

Name two anaerobic bacteria mentioned in the text.

Clostridium histolyticum, Clostridium sporogenes

Name two fungi mentioned in the text.

Candida albicans, Aspergillus brasiliensis

What are the two methods used for sterility testing?

<p>Membrane filtration method and direct inoculation method</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of a sterility test?

<p>To detect microbial contamination in a drug product</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are pyrogens?

<p>Fever-inducing substances usually derived from microorganisms</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the two types of pyrogens?

<p>Endogenous pyrogens and exogenous pyrogens</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the most common type of exogenous pyrogen?

<p>Bacterial endotoxin</p> Signup and view all the answers

Name two products or preparations that must comply with a pyrogen test.

<p>Water for injection, Infusion fluids</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the Limulus Amoebocyte Lysate Test used for?

<p>To detect the presence and concentration of bacterial endotoxins in drugs and biological products</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of sterility testing in pharmacopoeial preparations?

<p>To detect the presence of viable forms of microorganisms and ensure the product is free of contamination.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are some examples of products or preparations that require sterility testing?

<p>Injections (solutions and suspension), solids for injection, eye drops/ointments/lotions, water for injections, immunological products (vaccines, antisera, diagnostic preparations), implants.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What precautions are needed during sterility testing?

<p>Taking sufficient samples, using sensitive culture media, minimizing accidental contamination through careful supervision of operatives.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What types of microorganisms does sterility test media support the growth of?

<p>Aerobic and anaerobic bacteria, yeasts, and molds.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the incubation temperature for aerobic bacteria in sterility test media?

<p>30-37°C.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the incubation temperature for anaerobic bacteria in sterility test media?

<p>30-37°C.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the incubation temperature for fungi in sterility test media?

<p>20-25°C.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is it important to test the finished drug product for sterility?

<p>To ensure drugs delivered to patients are free of contamination.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of culture media in sterility testing?

<p>To initiate and maintain the growth of microorganisms during the test.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is careful supervision of operatives important during sterility testing?

<p>To minimize accidental contamination and obtain reliable test results.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a product or preparation that requires sterility testing?

<p>Oral tablets</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the incubation temperature for fungi in sterility test media?

<p>20-25°C</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following precautions is NOT needed during sterility testing?

<p>Testing in a sterile environment</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of microorganisms does sterility test media support the growth of?

<p>Both aerobic and anaerobic bacteria</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of sterility testing in pharmacopoeial preparations?

<p>To ensure drugs are free of contamination</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a type of pyrogen mentioned in the text?

<p>Fungal pyrogen</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are some examples of products or preparations that require sterility testing?

<p>Eye drops, injections, and implants</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the incubation temperature for aerobic bacteria in sterility test media?

<p>30-37°C</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is careful supervision of operatives important during sterility testing?

<p>To reduce accidental contamination</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of microorganisms does fluid thioglycollate medium support the growth of?

<p>Both aerobic and anaerobic bacteria</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which method is used for sterility testing if the drug product being tested is filterable?

<p>Membrane filtration method</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of pyrogen is derived from microorganisms?

<p>Exogenous pyrogen</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the Rabbit Pyrogen Test (RPT)?

<p>To measure the rise in body temperature of rabbits when a preparation is injected intravenously</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the advantage of the Limulus Amoebocyte Lysate (LAL) test over the Rabbit Pyrogen Test (RPT)?

<p>It is more sensitive for endotoxin</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of test is the Monocyte Activation Test (MAT)?

<p>In vitro test</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the limitations of the Rabbit Pyrogen Test (RPT)?

<p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the advantage of the Monocyte Activation Test (MAT) over the Rabbit Pyrogen Test (RPT)?

<p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the Limulus Amoebocyte Lysate (LAL) test?

<p>To detect and quantify endotoxins in drugs and biological products</p> Signup and view all the answers

What types of pyrogens can enter the bloodstream via injection of pharmaceutical preparations?

<p>Exogenous pyrogens</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the two distinct methods used for sterility testing?

<p>Membrane filtration method and direct inoculation method</p> Signup and view all the answers

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