Statistics Terminologies and Concepts

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson

What type of study merely observes conditions of individuals in a population and records information without imposing treatments?

Stratified study

Experimental study

Observational study (correct)

Non-response study

In what situation would an observation be declared an outlier?

When it falls outside the overall pattern of the dataset (correct)

When it is within 1.5 times the IQR of Q3

When it is equal to the mean of the dataset

When it is greater than Q1

What type of bias results when selected individuals in a survey either cannot be contacted or refuse to answer survey questions?

Non-response bias (correct)

Selection bias

Sampling bias

Response bias

What type of distribution is a bell-shaped symmetric density curve used to model?

Normal distribution Signup and view all the answers

What graphical display of categorical data uses 'pies' to represent each category proportionally to its percentage?

Pie chart Signup and view all the answers

What term describes the response of patients to a treatment that has no physical effect?

Placebo effect Signup and view all the answers

What is the location measure that has one-fourth or 25% of the data smaller than it?

Q1 Signup and view all the answers

Which measure divides the ordered data set in half to find the median of the upper half of the data?

Q3 Signup and view all the answers

Which variable is defined by numerical observations like height or weight?

quantitative variable Signup and view all the answers

What method eliminates bias in assigning individuals to treatment groups by ensuring each unit has an equal probability of being assigned any treatment?

randomization Signup and view all the answers

What does the range represent in statistics?

range Signup and view all the answers

What is the interquartile range (IQR) used for?

To measure variability in skewed data or data with outliers Signup and view all the answers

Why is replication important in experiments?

To measure variability precisely Signup and view all the answers

In a left-skewed density curve, what relationship exists between the mean and median?

Mean < Median Signup and view all the answers

What does a multi-stage sample involve?

Selecting individuals randomly in multiple stages Signup and view all the answers

What is a lurking variable in a study?

A variable that interacts with the explanatory variable in its effect on the response variable Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the mean in a dataset?

To measure the center of the data by balancing it Signup and view all the answers

What does a lack of realism refer to in an experiment?

An experiment that does not duplicate real-world conditions accurately Signup and view all the answers