Statistics Terminologies and Concepts
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Questions and Answers

What type of study merely observes conditions of individuals in a population and records information without imposing treatments?

  • Stratified study
  • Experimental study
  • Observational study (correct)
  • Non-response study

In what situation would an observation be declared an outlier?

  • When it falls outside the overall pattern of the dataset (correct)
  • When it is within 1.5 times the IQR of Q3
  • When it is equal to the mean of the dataset
  • When it is greater than Q1

What type of bias results when selected individuals in a survey either cannot be contacted or refuse to answer survey questions?

  • Non-response bias (correct)
  • Selection bias
  • Sampling bias
  • Response bias

What type of distribution is a bell-shaped symmetric density curve used to model?

<p>Normal distribution (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What graphical display of categorical data uses 'pies' to represent each category proportionally to its percentage?

<p>Pie chart (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What term describes the response of patients to a treatment that has no physical effect?

<p>Placebo effect (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the location measure that has one-fourth or 25% of the data smaller than it?

<p>Q1 (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which measure divides the ordered data set in half to find the median of the upper half of the data?

<p>Q3 (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which variable is defined by numerical observations like height or weight?

<p>quantitative variable (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What method eliminates bias in assigning individuals to treatment groups by ensuring each unit has an equal probability of being assigned any treatment?

<p>randomization (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the range represent in statistics?

<p>range (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the interquartile range (IQR) used for?

<p>To measure variability in skewed data or data with outliers (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is replication important in experiments?

<p>To measure variability precisely (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In a left-skewed density curve, what relationship exists between the mean and median?

<p>Mean &lt; Median (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does a multi-stage sample involve?

<p>Selecting individuals randomly in multiple stages (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a lurking variable in a study?

<p>A variable that interacts with the explanatory variable in its effect on the response variable (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the mean in a dataset?

<p>To measure the center of the data by balancing it (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does a lack of realism refer to in an experiment?

<p>An experiment that does not duplicate real-world conditions accurately (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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