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12 Questions

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Statistics: Sample Size, Normality, Experimental vs Non-Experimental Research

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Questions and Answers

In experimental research, which variable is manipulated by the experimenter?

Extraneous variable

Nuisance variable

Dependent variable

Independent variable (correct)

What is the purpose of conducting Shapiro-Wilk test for normality?

To determine the sample size adequacy

To control for extraneous variables

To test causal relationships

To check the distribution of a small sample (correct)

Which type of sampling method involves selecting individuals who are nearby and willing to participate?

Stratified sampling

Convenience sampling (correct)

Systematic sampling

Random sampling

What is the purpose of operational definition in research?

To clearly define how a variable will be measured or manipulated Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of measures of central tendency in a distribution of scores?

To summarize or represent the center of the data Signup and view all the answers

In experimental research, how are means and standard deviations typically used?

To compare differences between groups with manipulated independent variables Signup and view all the answers

Which error occurs when researchers fail to identify a real effect in the population due to setting the significance threshold too low?

Type II error Signup and view all the answers

What is an essential difference in data analysis between experimental and non-experimental research?

Experimental research compares differences between groups with manipulated independent variables Signup and view all the answers

What does the correlation coefficient describe?

The strength and direction of the relationship between two variables Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of inferential statistics?

To determine if research findings are statistically significant Signup and view all the answers

What is a Type I error?

A false positive conclusion due to random chance Signup and view all the answers

Why do scientists avoid using the term 'prove' when discussing theories?

To prevent making Type I errors in their conclusions Signup and view all the answers