Questions and Answers
In a study, the data you collect is Favorite candy bar. What type of data is this?
Qualitative
In a sample of students who passed statistics, 70% used statistics in their future careers. Is this value a parameter or a statistic?
Statistic
From a sample of 500 students, 70% feel stressed. Is this value from a discrete or continuous data set?
Discrete
A political scientist surveys 35 of the current 135 representatives in a state's congress. What is the size of the sample and what is the size of the population?
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The gender of children born in January were tallied. Does this describe an observational study or an experiment?
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Which of the following are categorical (or qualitative) variables in the records required by the State Education Department? (Select all that apply)
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Determine whether the value 80% is a parameter or statistic: A sample of men reveals 80% took calculus.
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Convert the fraction 23/25 to an equivalent percentage.
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Convert 0.72% to an equivalent decimal.
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Convert 64.4% to an equivalent decimal.
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What is 2% of 330?
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In a survey of 1190 adults, 65% responded 'yes' to the survey question. How many adults answered 'yes'?
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A.What proportion of patients in the treatment group were pain-free 24 hours after acupuncture? b. What portion of patients in the control group were pain-free in 24 hours? c. Based on this study does acupuncture appear to be an effective treatment for migraines?
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In a study, the sample is chosen by selecting a room of the house, and appraising all items in that room. What is the sampling method?
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In a study, the sample is chosen by choosing every 5th person on a list. What is the sampling method?
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In a study, the sample is chosen by dividing the class by hair color, and surveying the blondes. What is the sampling method?
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Match the name of the sampling method descriptions given. Situations: 1. Writing everyone's name on a playing card, shuffling the deck, then choosing the top 20 cards. 2. Separating all students by grade level, and selecting 10 students from each grade. 3. Surveying every 3rd driver coming through a tollbooth. 4. Dividing the population by voting precinct, and sampling everyone in the precincts selected. 5. Asking all the students in your math class.
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Study Notes
Data Types and Statistics
- Favorite candy bar is an example of qualitative data, which describes characteristics or qualities.
- A study revealing that 70% of a sample of students used statistics in their careers represents a statistic, as it is derived from a sample rather than the entire population.
- The feeling of stress among 500 students is an example of discrete data, which consists of countable values.
Population and Sample
- In a survey involving 35 representatives out of 135 total, the sample size is 35 while the population size is 135.
Types of Studies
- Tallies of the gender of children born in January illustrate an observational study, where data is collected without manipulation or intervention.
Categorical Variables
- In educational records, the following are identified as categorical (qualitative) variables:
- Race or Ethnicity
- Current Grade Level
- Disabilities or Special Needs
Parameters and Statistics
- The finding that 80% of men in a sample took calculus is classified as a statistic.
Percentages and Decimals
- The fraction 23/25 equates to 92% when converted to a percentage.
- Converting 0.72% results in 0.0072 in decimal form.
- 64.4% converts to 0.644 in decimal.
- Calculating 2% of 330 gives a result of 6.6.
Survey Calculations
- In a survey of 1190 adults, 65% responded "yes," indicating that approximately 774 adults answered affirmatively (rounded from 773.5).
Effectiveness of Acupuncture
- In a treatment group, 10 out of 43 (0.23) were pain-free after acupuncture compared to 2 out of 46 (0.04) in the control group, suggesting acupuncture may be effective due to a higher success rate.
Sampling Methods
- Sampling by selecting a room and assessing all items is an example of cluster sampling.
- Choosing every 5th person on a list exemplifies systematic sampling.
- Dividing by hair color and surveying a specific group illustrates another example of cluster sampling.
- Sample scenarios matched with methods include:
- Simple Random: Writing names on cards, shuffling, and selecting.
- Stratified: Selecting from each grade level.
- Systematic: Surveying every third driver.
- Cluster: Sampling all in selected voting precincts.
- Convenience: Asking all students in a math class.
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Description
Test your knowledge on data types, statistics, and sampling methods. This quiz covers qualitative and quantitative data, categorical variables, and types of studies, helping you understand key concepts in statistics. Perfect for students studying data analysis!
