Statistical Workshop Series: SPSS Introduction

<p>When the data does not satisfy normal distribution criteria. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It applies only to IQ scores. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It explains how the mean of a population can be estimated from any shape of distribution. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Q-Q probability plots (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Data that is normally distributed. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The data may be multimodal and suggest grouping. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The middle value when the values are ranked in order. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>109 (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>An outlier is a value that differs significantly from other observations. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It indicates that 50% of the data points are below it and 50% are above it. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The value that appears most frequently. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Median (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The highest IQ that is clearly above the average. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Mode (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It can be skewed by extreme values. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It is the difference between the first and third quartiles. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Qualitative data (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Variance (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Quantitative continuous data (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Mean (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To summarize and organize data (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Standard deviation (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The difference between the highest and lowest values (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Central tendency (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Discrete data (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The relative standing of a score within a distribution (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A small group from which data is collected (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Statistical (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Subjects (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The individual data points collected (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>All subjects of interest within a study (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Sample size (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Descriptive statistics summarize data while inferential statistics generalize findings to populations. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Quantitative data (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The middle value in a dataset when arranged in order. It divides the dataset into two equal halves, meaning 50% of the data points are above and 50% are below it.

A data point that is significantly different from the rest of the data in a dataset. It's an outlier if it's far away from the other data points.

The average of all the values in a dataset. It's calculated by summing all the values and dividing by the number of values.

The range between the first quartile (25th percentile) and the third quartile (75th percentile) in a dataset. It represents the spread of the middle 50% of the data.

The data point that occurs most frequently in a dataset.

All the information collected to answer a research question.

A specific characteristic or feature measured or observed.

A measure of a variable, e.g., a person's height, age, or score on a test.

All the subjects or individuals of interest in a study.

A subset of the population selected for study.

Summarizes data using descriptive statistics like mean, median, and standard deviation.

Uses sample data to draw conclusions and make inferences about the population.

A set of items arranged by value for quantification, used to measure variables.

A scale that categorizes data into groups with no inherent order.

A scale that orders data into categories with a ranking system.

A symmetrical, bell-shaped curve that represents the distribution of many naturally occurring phenomena.

The central limit theorem states that the average of a large number of independent random variables will tend to be normally distributed, regardless of the original distribution.

A standardized normal distribution with a mean of 0 and a standard deviation of 1.

A statistical test that determines whether a sample comes from a population with a normal distribution.

Statistical tests based on assumptions about the distribution of the data, primarily assuming normality.

Statistical tests that do not rely on assumptions about the distribution of the data.

To determine whether a parametric or nonparametric test is appropriate, examine the distribution of your data.

Data categorized by attributes like sex, color, or dental malocclusion. Examples include binary, nominal, and ordinal data.

Data collected through measurements using tools like calipers. Examples include arch length, width, or fluoride concentration.

Quantitative data that can only take specific values like whole numbers. Examples include the number of decayed, missing, or filled teeth in a person's mouth.

Quantitative data that can take any value within a range, including decimals or fractions. Examples include arch length or tooth width measurements.

A summary statistic representing the center of a distribution. Common measures include mean, median, and mode.

Statistics that describe the variability or spread of data. Common measures include range, variance, and standard deviation.

A statistical measure that describes how much the values in a dataset vary from the mean. The square root of the variance.