Static Routes in Networking

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Questions and Answers

What is the primary function of a default route in a router?

To filter out incoming traffic from other networks

To determine the source IP address of a packet

To act as a last resort when no other route is available (correct)

To forward packets to their final destination directly

What type of route is a default route an example of?

Static route (correct)

Directly connected route

Dynamic route

Routing protocol-based route

What is the purpose of the 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 syntax in a routing table?

To represent the default route (correct)

To define a static route to a specific network

To specify a directly connected network

To filter out incoming traffic from other networks

How does a router forward packets based on its routing table?

By looking at the destination IP address and forwarding accordingly Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the `ip route` command on a Cisco router?

To add a static route to the routing table Signup and view all the answers

What happens when a router receives a packet with a destination IP address that is not in its routing table?

The router uses its default route to forward the packet Signup and view all the answers

What is the goal of a router in terms of forwarding IP packets?

To look at the IP header, forward the packet, and then move on to the next packet Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of adding a default route to a router's routing table?

The router will use the default route as a last resort Signup and view all the answers

Why is it important for all routers in a network to have correct routing information?

To ensure that packets are forwarded to their final destination Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the `show ip route` command on a Cisco router?

To display the routing table Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of adding a static route on Router_2?

To specify a fixed path for packets destined for the 10.1.0 network. Signup and view all the answers

When Router_2 forwards a packet to Router_1, what remains unchanged in the packet's headers?

The layer 3 destination address. Signup and view all the answers

What is the command used to add a static route on a Cisco device?

ip route 10.1.0.0 255.255.255.0 10.12.0.1 Signup and view all the answers

What does Router_2 send to resolve the layer 2 address of Router_1?

An ARP request. Signup and view all the answers

What is indicated when Router_2 has a routing entry with an 'S' code?

It indicates a static route has been configured. Signup and view all the answers

What is the next hop IP address specified for reaching the 10.1.0 network from Router_2?

10.12.0.1 Signup and view all the answers

Which network mask is used for the 10.1.0.0 network when adding the static route?

255.255.255.0 Signup and view all the answers

What will Router_1 do when it receives a packet for 10.1.0.50?

Respond directly to the packet since it is connected to the network. Signup and view all the answers

What aspect does the static route on Router_2 improve in terms of networking?

Improves packet forwarding efficiency to a specific network. Signup and view all the answers

What characterizes a static route in network configuration?

It is manually configured by a network administrator. Signup and view all the answers

When Router_2 receives a packet destined for 10.1.0.50, what does it first check?

Its routing table for matching routes. Signup and view all the answers

What is the likely outcome if Router_2 does not find a matching route in its routing table?

It will drop the packet as it cannot determine a route. Signup and view all the answers

For what purpose does a network administrator configure a static route?

To provide consistent and predictable routing to specific destinations. Signup and view all the answers

Which best describes the process of troubleshooting Router_2 when a packet is dropped?

Checking for a matching route in the routing table for the destination address. Signup and view all the answers

What type of address format is used to indicate both the network and host in the example provided?

24-bit subnet mask. Signup and view all the answers

What action must be taken to allow Router_2 to forward a packet to 10.1.0.50?

Add a static route to the routing table for the destination address. Signup and view all the answers

What is a potential drawback of using static routes in network environments?

They require ongoing maintenance and updates. Signup and view all the answers

Why does the PC need a default route to respond to the ping request from the router?

The PC needs a default route to send replies to any destination outside its local network. Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary difference between a static network route and a static host route?

A network route applies to a range of IP addresses within a network, while a host route applies to a single specific IP address. Signup and view all the answers

In the provided scenario, why did the router use its IP address 10.12.0.2 as the source address for the ping request?

The router selected the closest interface to the target PC as the source address. Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the default gateway in the PC's response to the ping request from the router?

The default gateway acts as a forwarding point for the PC to send replies to destinations outside its local network. Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the static route configured for the 10.1.0.2 host address on the router?

The static route ensures that the router can send packets directly to the PC without going through R_1. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements accurately describes the difference between a 32-bit mask and a 24-bit mask in the context of static routes?

A 32-bit mask defines a single host, while a 24-bit mask defines a subnet of hosts. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a benefit of using a static route?

Static routes are easy to manage and troubleshoot in complex network environments. Signup and view all the answers

How does the router determine the next hop for a packet destined for the PC's IP address when using the static route for 10.1.0.2?

The router checks its routing table and identifies the next hop based on the most specific match for the destination IP address. Signup and view all the answers

Why would the router not need both the 24-bit network route and the 32-bit host route for the 10.1.0.0 network?

The host route is a more specific route, so it takes precedence over the network route. Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the default route configured on the PC?

The default route is used as a fallback option for the PC to reach any destination that is not explicitly defined in its routing table. Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of the address 0.0.0.0 in static routing?

It serves as the default route if no better match exists. Signup and view all the answers

Which command is used to add a static route on a Windows computer?

route ADD Signup and view all the answers

What does the '-p' option do when adding a static route in Windows?

Makes the route persistent across reboots. Signup and view all the answers

Why is the method of manually configuring static routes considered tedious?

It is not adaptable to address changes. Signup and view all the answers

In static routing, what does adding a route for a network imply?

It is less complex than adding a route for an individual host. Signup and view all the answers

What happens to a static route that is not marked as persistent after rebooting the computer?

It is deleted from the routing table. Signup and view all the answers

Which aspect makes static routing less suitable for larger networks?

It requires extensive manual configuration. Signup and view all the answers

What is an example of a metric in static routing?

The number of hops to reach a destination. Signup and view all the answers

When using the route command in Windows, what is necessary to display the current routing table?

route print Signup and view all the answers

How does static routing utilize the concept of next hop?

It identifies the next layer 3 device in the path. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Static Routes

A static route is manually configured by an administrator to instruct a device on how to forward a packet to reach a destination network.
Example: PC1 on 10.1.0.0 network, with host address 10.1.0.50, and Router_2 needs to know how to forward packets to PC1.

Router_2 Configuration

Initially, Router_2's routing table does not have a route to 10.1.0.0 network, and would drop packets destined for PC1.
To resolve this, a static route is added on Router_2 to forward packets to 10.1.0.0 network via Router_1 at 10.12.0.1 (next hop).

Static Route Command

The command to add a static route on a Cisco device is ip route .
Example: ip route 10.1.0.0 255.255.255.0 10.12.0.1

Types of Static Routes

Network static route: specifies a range of IP addresses (e.g., 10.1.0.0/24).
Host static route: specifies an exact IP address (e.g., 10.1.0.2/32).
Default static route: used when no other route matches the destination IP address (e.g., 0.0.0.0/0).

Default Route

A default route is used when a router does not have a more specific route to a destination network.
Example: on Router_1, a default route is added to forward packets to Router_2 at 10.12.0.2.

Static Routes on End Devices

Static routes can also be configured on end devices (e.g., Windows computers).
Example: route add 157.0.0.0 mask 255.0.0.0 192.168.1.1 adds a static route to the 157 network via the next hop 192.168.1.1.

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Description

This quiz tests your understanding of static routes, their manual configuration and implementation in network topology. It covers the basics of static routes and their application.