Podcast
Questions and Answers
Which of the following phase changes involves a substance changing directly from a gas to a solid?
Which of the following phase changes involves a substance changing directly from a gas to a solid?
- Evaporation
- Deposition (correct)
- Condensation
- Sublimation
What happens to a solid when it undergoes the process of melting?
What happens to a solid when it undergoes the process of melting?
- It gains heat energy and changes to liquid (correct)
- It gains heat and becomes a plasma
- It loses heat and becomes a gas
- It loses molecular structure and becomes vapor
If a liquid takes the shape of its container but retains a fixed volume, which state of matter is it in?
If a liquid takes the shape of its container but retains a fixed volume, which state of matter is it in?
- Plasma
- Liquid (correct)
- Gas
- Solid
Which phase change occurs when a gas turns into a liquid?
Which phase change occurs when a gas turns into a liquid?
What is the primary characteristic of matter in a solid state?
What is the primary characteristic of matter in a solid state?
What characteristic defines solids in terms of particle arrangement?
What characteristic defines solids in terms of particle arrangement?
Which state of matter has a fixed volume but takes the shape of its container?
Which state of matter has a fixed volume but takes the shape of its container?
What type of motion do particles in a solid primarily exhibit?
What type of motion do particles in a solid primarily exhibit?
What is the primary reason gases are compressible?
What is the primary reason gases are compressible?
Which state of matter has the weakest attractive forces between particles?
Which state of matter has the weakest attractive forces between particles?
What is the definition of intermolecular forces (IMF) in solids?
What is the definition of intermolecular forces (IMF) in solids?
How do particles in a liquid move compared to those in a solid?
How do particles in a liquid move compared to those in a solid?
In which state of matter do particles have minimal movement other than vibration?
In which state of matter do particles have minimal movement other than vibration?
What type of energy do particles possess due to their motion?
What type of energy do particles possess due to their motion?
What happens to the arrangement of particles during a phase change?
What happens to the arrangement of particles during a phase change?
What is the name of the phase change when a liquid turns into a solid?
What is the name of the phase change when a liquid turns into a solid?
Which state of matter has a definite volume but no definite shape?
Which state of matter has a definite volume but no definite shape?
What is the outcome when pressure is added to a gas, as in a gas tank?
What is the outcome when pressure is added to a gas, as in a gas tank?
What phase change occurs from a gas to a solid?
What phase change occurs from a gas to a solid?
What indicates that a substance has transitioned to a different state of matter?
What indicates that a substance has transitioned to a different state of matter?
Flashcards
Solid State
Solid State
A state of matter with a definite shape and volume.
Solid Particles
Solid Particles
Particles in a solid are close together, in a regular arrangement, with strong attractive forces (IMFs).
Liquid State
Liquid State
A state of matter with a definite volume but takes the shape of its container.
Liquid Particles
Liquid Particles
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Gas State
Gas State
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Gas Particles
Gas Particles
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Intermolecular Forces (IMFs)
Intermolecular Forces (IMFs)
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Compressibility
Compressibility
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Sublimation
Sublimation
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Deposition
Deposition
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Condensation
Condensation
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What state of matter has only vibrational kinetic energy?
What state of matter has only vibrational kinetic energy?
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What is the name of the phase change when a liquid changes directly into a gas without becoming a solid?
What is the name of the phase change when a liquid changes directly into a gas without becoming a solid?
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States of Matter
States of Matter
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Phase Changes
Phase Changes
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Physical Change
Physical Change
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Kinetic Energy
Kinetic Energy
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Temperature
Temperature
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Freezing/Fusion
Freezing/Fusion
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Pressure and Phase Changes
Pressure and Phase Changes
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Study Notes
States of Matter
- Matter exists in three primary states: solids, liquids, and gases.
- There are other states, including plasma and Bose-Einstein condensates.
- Solids have a definite shape and volume.
- Solid particles are closely packed in a regular arrangement.
- The strong intermolecular forces (IMFs) in solids restrict particle movement to mainly vibrational motion.
- Solids are incompressible.
Liquids
- Liquids have a definite volume but take the shape of their container.
- Liquid particles are closer together than gas particles but further apart than solid particles.
- Liquids have weaker IMFs than solids.
- Liquids can vibrate and slide past each other (translation).
- Liquids are incompressible.
Gases
- Gases take both the shape and volume of their container.
- Gas particles are widely dispersed.
- Gas particles have very weak IMFs.
- Gas particles move in constant, random motion and collide with each other and container walls.
- Gases are compressible.
Phase Changes
- Phase changes are physical changes, not chemical changes.
- The material remains the same chemically during phase changes.
- Examples of phase changes include melting, freezing, vaporization (boiling), condensation, sublimation, and deposition.
- Energy (heat) is either absorbed or released during phase changes.
- Kinetic energy describes the energy of motion in particles.
- Temperature measures the average kinetic energy of particles in a substance.
- Pressure changes can also cause phase changes.
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