17 Questions
What is a substance called when all its constituent particles are the same in chemical nature?
Pure substance
What is the term for the pure substances that form a mixture?
Components
Which of the following is NOT an example of a mixture?
Pure gold
Which kind of mixture has a variable composition?
Any mixture
Which type of mixture has a uniform composition throughout?
Homogeneous mixture
Which of the following is a characteristic of solids?
Definite volume and definite shape
Which of the following is an example of a homogeneous mixture?
Air
Which of the following is a characteristic of a pure substance?
Its composition is fixed
What property do liquids possess?
Definite volume and indefinite shape
In which state of matter are the particles far apart and their movement easy and fast?
Gas
Which method can be used to separate the components of a mixture?
Crystallization
Which of the following describes the arrangement of particles in solids?
Particles are very close and orderly arranged
What is an example of an element?
Copper
Which state of matter has definite volume but takes the shape of its container?
Liquid
Which of the following is true about compounds?
They are made up of two or more different elements chemically bonded together
Which of the following is a heterogeneous mixture?
Salt and sugar
Which state of matter has particles that are not very close to each other and can move around?
Liquid
Study Notes
Nature of Matter
- Matter is anything that has mass and occupies space.
- Examples of matter include books, pens, pencils, water, air, and living beings.
States of Matter
- Matter can exist in three physical states: solid, liquid, and gas.
- In solids, particles are held close together in an orderly fashion with little freedom of movement.
- In liquids, particles are close together but can move around.
- In gases, particles are far apart and have easy and fast movement.
- Characteristics of states of matter:
- Solids have definite volume and shape.
- Liquids have definite volume but not definite shape, taking the shape of their container.
Mixtures and Pure Substances
- A homogeneous mixture is a mixture with evenly distributed components, such as sugar solutions and air.
- A heterogeneous mixture is a mixture with unevenly distributed components, such as salt and sugar, grains and pulses, and dirt.
- Components of a mixture can be separated using physical methods like hand-picking, filtration, crystallization, or distillation.
Pure Substances
- A pure substance has a fixed composition and cannot be separated by physical methods.
- Examples of pure substances include copper, silver, gold, water, and glucose.
- Glucose is composed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen in a fixed ratio.
Classifying Pure Substances
- Pure substances can be classified into elements and compounds.
- Elements consist of only one type of atom, which can exist as atoms or molecules.
- Compounds are made up of two or more different elements chemically bonded together.
Classification of Matter
- Matter can be classified as mixture or pure substance.
- Mixtures can be sub-divided into homogeneous and heterogeneous.
- A mixture contains particles of two or more pure substances in any ratio, making its composition variable.
- Examples of mixtures include sugar solution in water, air, tea, etc.
Test your knowledge of the basics of matter, including its definition, examples, and three physical states: solid, liquid, and gas.
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