States of Matter Quiz

Study Notes

Matter can exist in three physical states: solid, liquid, and gas.
In solids, particles are held close together in an orderly fashion with little freedom of movement.
In liquids, particles are close together but can move around.
In gases, particles are far apart and have easy and fast movement.
Characteristics of states of matter:
- Solids have definite volume and shape.
- Liquids have definite volume but not definite shape, taking the shape of their container.

A homogeneous mixture is a mixture with evenly distributed components, such as sugar solutions and air.
A heterogeneous mixture is a mixture with unevenly distributed components, such as salt and sugar, grains and pulses, and dirt.
Components of a mixture can be separated using physical methods like hand-picking, filtration, crystallization, or distillation.

A pure substance has a fixed composition and cannot be separated by physical methods.
Examples of pure substances include copper, silver, gold, water, and glucose.
Glucose is composed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen in a fixed ratio.

Pure substances can be classified into elements and compounds.
Elements consist of only one type of atom, which can exist as atoms or molecules.
Compounds are made up of two or more different elements chemically bonded together.

Matter can be classified as mixture or pure substance.
Mixtures can be sub-divided into homogeneous and heterogeneous.
A mixture contains particles of two or more pure substances in any ratio, making its composition variable.
Examples of mixtures include sugar solution in water, air, tea, etc.