States of Matter and Physical Properties

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Questions and Answers

If water boils into steam, is it still water, or does it become something new?

True (A)

If water freezes into ice, is it still water, or does it become something new?

True (A)

Physical properties can be observed without actually changing the identity of the sample.

True (A)

What are the states of matter?

<p>Solid (B), Liquid (C), Gaseous (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Density is the amount of mass of a substance in a given volume

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is an example of density?

<p>Lead is used for fishing weights because it is more dense than water.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Malleability is the ability to be compressed or pounded into a thin sheet without shattering

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is an example of malleability?

<p>Aluminum can be hammered into sheets of Aluminum foil.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Ductility is the ability to be stretched or drawn into the shape of a thread, strand, or wire.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Thermal conductivity is the ability to transfer heat to something else.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is an example of thermal conductivity?

<p>Metal is used for pots and pans because it is effective at conducting heat from the burner to the food being cooked.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Electrical conductivity is the ability for a substance to conduct electricity.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Physical State

The form (solid, liquid, or gas) in which matter exists at various temperatures.

Density

A measure of how much mass a substance has in a given volume. It's all about how tightly packed the matter is.

Malleability

The ability of a substance to be hammered into a thin sheet without breaking.

Ductility

The ability of a substance to be stretched or pulled into a thin wire without breaking.

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Thermal Conductivity

The ability of a substance to transfer heat energy.

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Electrical Conductivity

The ability of a substance to conduct electricity.

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Physical Properties

Characteristics that can be observed without changing the chemical composition of a substance. Think of things like color, smell, texture, and state.

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Boiling

When water changes from a liquid state to a gaseous state, often due to an increase in temperature.

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Freezing

When water changes from a liquid state to a solid state, often due to a decrease in temperature.

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Boiling Point

The temperature at which a liquid changes into a gas.

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Freezing Point

The temperature at which a liquid changes into a solid.

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What is an example of a malleable substance?

A solid substance that can be hammered or pressed into different shapes without breaking.

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What is an example of a ductile substance?

A substance that can be drawn into a wire without breaking.

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What is an example of a substance with high thermal conductivity?

A substance that transfers heat energy very well, often used for cooking.

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What is an example of a substance with high electrical conductivity?

A substance that allows electricity to flow through it easily.

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What is an example of a substance that is a solid at room temperature?

A substance that is in its solid state at room temperature.

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What is an example of a substance that is a liquid at room temperature?

A substance that is in its liquid state at room temperature.

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What is an example of a substance that is a gas at room temperature?

A substance that is in its gaseous state at room temperature.

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What is a physical change?

When a substance changes its physical form, but its chemical composition remains the same.

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What is a chemical change?

A chemical change creates a new substance with different properties.

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What is a solid state?

The state of matter in which particles are tightly packed together and have a fixed shape and volume.

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What is a liquid state?

The state of matter in which particles are loosely packed and have a fixed volume but no fixed shape.

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What is a gaseous state?

The state of matter in which particles are widely spaced and have no fixed shape or volume.

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What is the term that describes a substance's ability to be stretched, bent, or compressed without breaking?

The ability of a substance to be stretched, bent, or compressed without breaking.

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What is the term that describes a substance's ability to withstand stress without breaking or deforming?

The capacity of a material to withstand stress without breaking or deforming.

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What is the term that describes a substance's ability to return to its original shape after being deformed?

The ability of a material to return to its original shape after being deformed.

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What is the change from a liquid to a gas called?

The change from a liquid to a gas.

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What is the change from a gas to a liquid called?

The change from a gas to a liquid.

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What is the change from a liquid to a solid called?

The change from a liquid to a solid.

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What is the change from a solid to a liquid called?

The change from a solid to a liquid.

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What is matter?

Anything that has mass and takes up space.

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Study Notes

States of Matter

  • Water, when heated, changes from a liquid to a gas (steam) at 100°C.
  • Water, when cooled, changes from a liquid to a solid (ice) at 0°C.
  • These changes do not alter the water's fundamental nature.

Physical Properties

  • Physical properties describe matter without changing its identity.
  • Examples of physical properties include color, odor, taste, and state (liquid, solid, gas).
  • Physical properties include:

Physical State

  • Physical state describes the form of matter (solid, liquid, or gas) at a given temperature

Density

  • Density is the mass of a substance per unit volume.
  • Lead is denser than water, making it suitable for fishing weights.
  • Higher density indicates greater mass in the same volume.

Malleability

  • Malleability is the ability to be shaped or hammered into sheets without shattering.
  • Aluminum can be hammered into sheets, like aluminum foil.

Ductility

  • Ductility is the ability to be drawn into wires or threads.
  • Candy taffy is ductile.

Thermal Conductivity

  • Thermal conductivity is the ability to transfer heat.
  • Metals are good thermal conductors, used in cookware.

Electrical Conductivity

  • Electrical conductivity is the ability to conduct electricity.

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