Stages of Pregnancy and Complications

Pregnancy and Childbirth

Stages of Pregnancy

• Trimesters: Divided into 3 periods of approximately 13 weeks each
• Fetal Development: Major organs and body systems develop during the first trimester
• Fetal Growth: Rapid growth and maturation occur during the second and third trimesters

Pregnancy Complications

• Preeclampsia: High blood pressure, protein in urine, and swelling
• Gestational Diabetes: High blood sugar levels during pregnancy
• Placenta Previa: Placenta covers the cervix, potentially blocking the baby's exit
• Fetal Distress: Fetal heart rate abnormalities or oxygen deprivation

Labor and Delivery

Types of Labor

• Spontaneous Labor: Natural labor onset
• Induced Labor: Artificially stimulated labor
• Augmented Labor: Labor assistance with oxytocin or other medications

Stages of Labor

• Early Labor: Onset of contractions to 3-4 cm dilation
• Active Labor: 4-7 cm dilation, contractions become more intense
• Transition: 7-10 cm dilation, contractions are strongest
• Pushing: 10 cm dilation, mother pushes the baby out

Delivery Methods

• Vaginal Delivery: Baby delivered through the birth canal
• Cesarean Section (C-Section): Surgical delivery through the abdomen

Gynecological Health

Menstrual Cycle

• Phases: Menstruation, follicular phase, ovulation, luteal phase
• Hormonal Regulation: Estrogen and progesterone regulate the cycle

Common Gynecological Conditions

• Endometriosis: Tissue growth outside the uterus, causing pain and infertility
• Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS): Hormonal imbalance, cysts on ovaries, and infertility
• Vaginitis: Inflammation or infection of the vagina

Contraception and Family Planning

• Hormonal Methods: Birth control pills, patches, rings, and injections
• Barrier Methods: Condoms, diaphragms, and cervical caps
• Intrauterine Devices (IUDs): Copper or hormonal devices inserted into the uterus

Pregnancy and Childbirth

Stages of Pregnancy

• Pregnancy is divided into 3 trimesters, each lasting approximately 13 weeks
• Major organs and body systems develop during the first trimester
• Rapid growth and maturation occur during the second and third trimesters

Pregnancy Complications

• Preeclampsia is a condition characterized by high blood pressure, protein in urine, and swelling
• Gestational diabetes is a condition of high blood sugar levels during pregnancy
• Placenta previa is a condition where the placenta covers the cervix, potentially blocking the baby's exit
• Fetal distress is a condition characterized by fetal heart rate abnormalities or oxygen deprivation

Labor and Delivery

Types of Labor

• Spontaneous labor is a natural labor onset
• Induced labor is artificially stimulated labor
• Augmented labor is labor assistance with oxytocin or other medications

Stages of Labor

• Early labor is the onset of contractions to 3-4 cm dilation
• Active labor is 4-7 cm dilation, where contractions become more intense
• Transition is 7-10 cm dilation, where contractions are strongest
• Pushing is 10 cm dilation, where the mother pushes the baby out

Delivery Methods

• Vaginal delivery is when the baby is delivered through the birth canal
• Cesarean section (C-section) is a surgical delivery through the abdomen

Gynecological Health

Menstrual Cycle

• The menstrual cycle consists of menstruation, follicular phase, ovulation, and luteal phase
• Estrogen and progesterone regulate the menstrual cycle

Common Gynecological Conditions

• Endometriosis is a condition where tissue grows outside the uterus, causing pain and infertility
• Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a hormonal imbalance, cysts on ovaries, and infertility
• Vaginitis is an inflammation or infection of the vagina

Contraception and Family Planning

• Hormonal methods of contraception include birth control pills, patches, rings, and injections
• Barrier methods of contraception include condoms, diaphragms, and cervical caps
• Intrauterine devices (IUDs) are copper or hormonal devices inserted into the uterus

Learn about the trimesters, fetal development, and growth, as well as common pregnancy complications such as preeclampsia and gestational diabetes.