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Obstetrics: Intrauterine Growth Restriction (IUGR)

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Obstetrics: Intrauterine Growth Restriction (IUGR)

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Questions and Answers

What is the primary difference between IUGR and SGA?

IUGR is a diagnosis made at birth, while SGA is diagnosed prenatally.

IUGR implies a pathological process, while SGA is a statistical definition. (correct)

IUGR is diagnosed based on ultrasound, while SGA is diagnosed based on birth weight.

IUGR is always caused by chromosomal defects, while SGA has various etiologies.

What percentage of fetuses are classified as IUGR if the 3rd centile is chosen?

10%

3% (correct)

Which of the following is NOT a factor that directly affects the intrinsic growth potential of the fetus?

Single-gene effects

Chromosomal defects

Uteroplacental insufficiency

Maternal hypertension (correct)

What is the term for the process by which a pathological process modifies the intrinsic growth potential of the fetus?

<p>Growth modification</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following infections is a known cause of IUGR?

<p>Cytomegalovirus</p> Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Definition and Classification of IUGR

IUGR is defined as the failure of the fetus to achieve its genetic growth potential, resulting in a fetus that is small for gestational age (SGA).
SGA implies that the fetus or neonate is below a certain defined centile of weight or size for a particular gestational age.
IUGR indicates a pathological process that modifies the intrinsic growth potential of the fetus, reducing its growth rate.
The terms SGA and IUGR are not synonymous.

Incidence of IUGR

The incidence of IUGR is around 3% if the 3rd centile or 5% if the 5th centile is chosen.

Etiology of IUGR

There are many causes of IUGR, which can be grouped into two main categories.

Factors Affecting Intrinsic Growth Potential

Chromosomal defects, such as trisomy 18 and triploidy.
Single-gene effects, such as Seckel's syndrome.
Structural abnormalities, such as renal agenesis and anencephaly.
Infections, such as cytomegalovirus, rubella, and protozoal infections like toxoplasmosis.

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Description

Learn about intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR), a condition where the fetus fails to achieve its genetic growth potential, often resulting in small for gestational age (SGA) babies.