23 Questions
What is the earliest indication of language ability in children?
Crying
At what stage of development do children typically begin speaking?
Several months
What is the primary function of crying in children?
To communicate with caregivers
According to the stages of language development, what is the significance of Day 1?
It is the earliest indication of language ability
What can be inferred about a child's language development at Day 1?
The child is able to communicate with caregivers
What is the primary characteristic of an infant's language development during the first two months?
Producing vowel-like sounds
What is the main difference between an infant's language development during stages 1 and 2?
Inclusion of consonants
By the end of the first year, what milestone do infants typically reach in their language development?
Linking communication with sound-making
What type of sounds do infants primarily produce during the first two months?
Vowel-like sounds
What is the characteristic of an infant's babbling during stage 2?
Adding consonants to sounds
What is a characteristic of a child's vocabulary at Stage 3?
Having a vocabulary of around 5 words
What is an example of an overgeneralization in language development?
Referring to all men as 'baba'
At what stage of language development do children typically experience a vocabulary explosion?
Stage 4
What is a characteristic of a child's language at Stage 4?
Making overgeneralizations
What is the typical rate of vocabulary growth during the vocabulary explosion?
20-50 words per month
At what stage do children's utterances typically consist of two words, such as 'dad go' or 'mamy milk'?
Stage 5
What is a notable feature of children's language at Stage 5?
Telegraphic speech
By what age do children typically possess the basic syntactic, semantic, phonological, and phonetic systems of L1?
5-6 years
What is a characteristic of children's language at Stage 6?
Some conversational skills
What is a feature of children's language development at Stage 8?
Development of more complex grammar
What is a characteristic of children's language at Stage 5 in terms of inflections?
Very few inflections
What is a feature of children's language development at Stage 7?
Adult-like fluency
What is a characteristic of children's language at Stage 5 in terms of environment?
Limit to here-and-now environment
Study Notes
Stages of Language Development in Children
Stage 1: 0-2 months
- Crying is the first form of language
- Infants produce vowel-like sounds (mainly 'a' and 'o' sounds)
- This stage is also known as 'cooing'
Stage 2: 3-6 months
- Infants start babbling and add consonants to sounds
- They produce sounds like 'maaaaaa', 'baaaaa', and 'غاااااااا'
- Mainly 'a', 'o', and 'e' vowels and 'b', 'm', 'd', and 't' consonants are used
Stage 3: Beginning of 2nd year
- Infants develop a link between communication and sound-making signals
- This marks the onset of language
- One-word utterances emerge (e.g., 'Ma', 'ba', 'da', 'bab bab bab')
- Infants have a limited vocabulary of around 5 words
Stage 4: 18 months olds
- Vocabulary explosion: infants learn words at a faster rate (20-50 words)
- Overgeneralizations occur, e.g., 'baba' for all men, 'mama' for all women
- Infants refer to all birds as 'kuku', all animals as 'hau-hau', etc.
Stage 5: Just before end of 2nd year and beginning of 3rd year
- Two-word utterances emerge (e.g., 'dad go', 'mamy milk', 'go sleep')
- Telegraphic speech is used (abbreviated language, e.g., 'mama halawa', 'sakr bab')
- Limited inflections are used
- Children's language is limited to their immediate environment
Stage 6: Third year to beginning of 4th year
- Complete utterances are used
- Conversational skills develop
- Wider here-and-now skills are developed
- Metalinguistic awareness emerges (e.g., understanding 'bad words')
- Vocabulary expands
Stage 7: 5-6 years
- Children possess basic syntactic, semantic, phonological, and phonetic systems of L1
- They achieve adult-like fluency and good mastery of L1 knowledge
- Conversational skills are more similar to those of adults
- Deeper and wider metalinguistic awareness develops
Stage 8: 7-13 years
- Development of more complex, adult-like conversational skills
- More advanced and complex grammar and knowledge of L1 develop
Learn about the different stages of language development in children, from crying to babbling and eventually forming words. Discover the sounds and vocalizations infants make at each stage.
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