Topic 3 Language Development edited.pdf

4 Stages of Language Development in Children Day 1: Crying is an indication of language ability. It's the first form...

4 Stages of Language Development in Children Day 1: Crying is an indication of language ability. It's the first form of language. Stage 1: 0- 2 months: cooing, the production of vowel-like sounds aaaaah, ooooooh (mainly a, o sounds) Stages 2: 3-6 months: infant starts babbling, adding consonants to sounds maaaaaa, baaaaa, ‫( غاااااااا‬mainly a, o, e vowels and b, m, d, t ‫غ‬consonants) By the end of first year, infants develop a link between communication and sound-making signals, which is the onset of language. Stage 3: Beginning of 2nd year One-word utterances, first words emergence Ma(ma), ba(ba), da(da), bab bab bab -Very few words (about 5 words) Stage 4: 18 months olds -Vocabulary explosion/spurt, learning words at a faster rate (20-50 words) -Overgeneralizations: e.g., baba to refer to all men, mama to refer to all women, dada to refer to all children, kuku to refer to all birds, hau-hau to refer to all animals, etc. Stage 5: Just before end of 2nd year and beginning of 3rd year Two-word utterances -dad go, mamy milk, go sleep (two nouns or an noun and a verb) -Telegraphic speech (abbreviated language of a telegram) -Overgeneralizations too (cf., e.g., mama halawa, sakr bab) the, and = functions -Very few inflections students, teacher = contents -Limit to here-and now environment, i.e., the child's immediate environment Stage 6: Third year to beginning of 4th year Complete utterances -Some conversational skills -Wider here-and-now skills  5 -Metalinguistic awareness (e.g., bad words) -More vocabulary items system language structure- meaning- sound Stage 7: 5-6 years -The child possesses the basic syntactic, semantic, phonological, and phonetic systems of L1 -Achieves rather adult-like fluency and rather good mastery of L1 knowledge -Possesses more conversational skills so similar to those of adults -Deeper and wider metalinguistic awareness Stage 8: 7-13 years -Development of more complex, adult-like conversational skills -More advanced and complex grammar and knowledge of L1. -Achieves complete mastery and fluency of L1 knowledge in terms of virtually all aspects.