Untitled Quiz

<p>Cholesterol (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It helps identify esophageal strictures and tumors (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>β cells (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The brown color of stool (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To observe the colon filling with contrast medium (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Suppresses appetite (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Lower esophageal sphincter (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To increase surface area for secretion (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Parotid, submaxillary, and sublingual glands (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Pylorus (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Deglutition (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Chewing and moving food (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Water, protein, mucin, inorganic salts, and salivary amylase (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Asterixis (flapping tremors) (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Increase in blood ammonia levels (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Inappropriate behavior and lethargy (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Inability to write clearly (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>In patients with grade 1 or 2 encephalopathy (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Fetor hepaticus (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Nephrotoxic agents (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Liver transplantation (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Ibuprofen (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Changes in mentation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Blood glucose levels (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It causes astrocyte swelling and inflammatory cytokines. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Hepatitis B (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>CT scan or MRI (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Cerebral edema (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Rapid onset in someone with no previous liver issues (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To reduce vomiting and gastric distention (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>ERCP plus endoscopic sphincterotomy (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Cholelithiasis and alcohol abuse (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Progressive destruction replaced by fibrotic tissue (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Inflammation of the sphincter of Oddi associated with cholelithiasis (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Idiopathic pancreatitis (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Obstruction from gallstones (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Abdominal pain (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To inflate or deflate the band and change stoma size (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>About 85% of the stomach is removed. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It creates a pouch and bypasses a significant part of the digestive tract. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Nutritional deficiencies from malabsorption (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Assisting with ambulation and encouraging deep breathing (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Laparoscopic Adjustable Gastric Banding (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They may return with an IV catheter and compression stockings. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>By delaying stomach emptying and creating a sense of fullness (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Cells in the liver that produce bile and process nutrients.

Liver cells that filter and remove toxins and bacteria from the blood.

Fluid produced by the liver that aids in fat digestion.

Components of bile that help emulsify fats for digestion.

Organ that stores and concentrates bile.

Waste product from hemoglobin breakdown.

Bilirubin not yet processed by the liver.

Bilirubin processed by the liver, soluble for easier excretion.

X-ray procedure that visualizes the esophagus, stomach, and small intestine.

X-ray procedure that visualizes the colon.

Organ with exocrine and endocrine functions, producing digestive enzymes and hormones.

Leptin is a hormone that helps regulate appetite by suppressing hunger.

The sight, smell, and taste of food trigger the desire to eat.

Deglutition is the physical process of swallowing food.

The mouth, pharynx, and esophagus are involved in the process of swallowing food.

Teeth in the oral cavity are used for chewing (mastication).

The tongue assists in chewing, moving food, and swallowing.

Parotid, submaxillary, and sublingual glands produce saliva.

The epiglottis is a flap that covers the larynx during swallowing to prevent food from entering the airway.

The oropharynx allows food to pass from the mouth to the esophagus during ingestion.

Muscles in the esophagus contract in waves (peristalsis) to push food to the stomach.

The upper esophageal sphincter (UES) and lower esophageal sphincter (LES) control movement in the esophagus.

The lower esophageal sphincter prevents stomach acid from flowing back into the esophagus (reflux).

The stomach stores, mixes, and sends food to the small intestine in small portions.

The stomach primarily absorbs small amounts of water, alcohol, electrolytes, and some drugs.

The stomach has serous, muscular, and mucosal layers responsible for its structure and function.

Rugae are folds in the stomach lining that increase surface area for digestion.

Pylorus is a part of the stomach proximal to the pyloric sphincter, controlling exit to the small intestine along with the LES.

Alcohol abusers are particularly vulnerable to liver damage from acetaminophen.

Several drugs (isoniazid, halothane, sulfa drugs, NSAIDs) and viral hepatitis (HBV) can lead to rapid liver dysfunction.

Drugs disrupt internal processes or create toxic metabolic buildup in liver cells, leading to their dysfunction.

Viral hepatitis, especially hepatitis B, is a significant cause of acute liver failure.

Acute liver failure shows rapid onset of severe liver problems; common symptoms include jaundice, blood clotting issues, and mental changes.

Various blood tests (bilirubin, prothrombin time, liver enzymes, etc.) are used to assess liver function and possible causes of damage.

A neuropsychiatric condition related to liver disease, often caused by increased ammonia levels.

High ammonia levels in the blood lead to various brain problems. The liver normally processes ammonia to urea for removal.

Blood flow bypassing the liver and the liver's inability to process ammonia cause dangerous ammonia buildup.

The recognizable signs and indicators of acute liver failure.

Imaging techniques that help assess liver size, structure, and the presence of complications like ascites.

A neurological disorder caused by liver failure. It affects mental and neurological function.

High blood ammonia levels can trigger hepatic encephalopathy because the liver can't process it, leading to brain issues.

A characteristic sign of hepatic encephalopathy, a flapping tremor in hands.

Changes in neurological and mental responsiveness, impacting consciousness (from sleepiness to coma) and behavior.

A musty, sweet odor in a patient's breath from undigested liver byproducts.

Rapid worsening of liver function, where consciousness changes rapidly.

The preferred treatment for acute liver failure that improves survival.

Kidney problems frequently occurring with liver failure due to dehydration, liver-related kidney issues or direct kidney damage (especially from toxic substances).

A system to categorize the stages of hepatic encephalopathy, based on symptoms (from mild to deep coma).

A restrictive bariatric surgery where a band is placed around the stomach to reduce its capacity.

A bariatric surgery removing about 85% of the stomach, creating a sleeve-shaped stomach.

A bariatric surgery combining restriction and malabsorption, by creating a small stomach pouch connected to the small intestine.

Potential post-operative issues, including urinary catheter, IV catheter, compression stockings, and/or nasogastric tube.

Care given to a bariatric patient before, during, or after surgery including vital sign monitoring and patient education.

The patient should understand the surgical procedure and potential complications including the use of medical devices like IV catheters or catheters.

The patient will be assisted with movement after the surgery to prevent complications and encourage lung function.

Frequent vital sign and general assessment will be performed.

Inflammation of the pancreas, often severe and potentially life-threatening.

Nothing by mouth; a patient is not allowed to eat or drink.

A tube inserted through the nose into the stomach to remove stomach contents.

Severe acute pancreatitis with tissue death and potential infection.

A significant complication of acute pancreatitis, a major cause of illness and death.

Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography; a procedure to view the bile ducts and pancreatic ducts.

Severing of muscle layers in the sphincter of Oddi, during ERCP.

Ongoing inflammation and scarring of the pancreas.

Gallstones; hard deposits in the gallbladder.

Pancreatitis caused by blockage in the pancreatic or bile duct.

Pancreatitis caused by factors other than blockages.