Questions and Answers
When carbohydrate is metabolized without oxygen, what is it called?
Anaerobic glycolysis
If the length of an activity is greater than 150 seconds, the _____________ energy system is predominately used.
Aerobic glycolysis
All three energy systems are used in all sports and should be trained for successful sport performance.
True
Students will recover faster from common viral illnesses if they continue the same level of training with no additional rest.
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Research has shown that humans improve their task performance through the application of stress followed by what?
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An extended period of poor performance in training or competition is a potential marker of overtraining.
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Dividing the pre-season into three, 4-week blocks of time is referred to as what?
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The 'Use it or lose it!' principle states that if training is stopped, a student's fitness will return to pre-training levels very quickly.
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Based on specificity and reversibility principles, training during the off-season should focus on what?
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When a student can no longer execute a movement or technique at her current level of skill, it generally means that she is fatigued.
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An effective warm-up includes which of the following activities? (Select all that apply)
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Both females and males gain weight throughout adolescence, but it is not always accompanied by an increase in height.
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A teacher/coach should consider which factor for an athlete after a significant growth spurt?
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Which of the following is true about the consequences of using anabolic steroids? (Select all that apply)
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Which of the following statements is true regarding the 'peak growth velocity' of adolescents? (Select all that apply)
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Which of the following strategies can help a teacher/coach ensure students have access to healthy nutrition? (Select all that apply)
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Students should fuel their bodies _______ before practices and games with a high-carbohydrate meal or snack.
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A carbohydrate/protein snack consumed within ______ after competition or practice will allow the body to recover faster.
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Consuming a small amount of protein shortly before or after exercise may help stimulate muscle repair and growth.
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Losing 1-1/2 to 2 percent of body weight has no effect on athletic performance.
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Water constitutes ______ of a student's body weight.
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Students lose water and electrolytes (e.g., sodium and chloride) when they sweat.
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To prevent heat-related illnesses, what should be done?
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Study Notes
Metabolism and Energy Systems
- Anaerobic glycolysis occurs when carbohydrates metabolize without oxygen.
- Aerobic glycolysis is primarily used for activities lasting over 150 seconds.
- All three energy systems (aerobic, anaerobic, and phosphagen) should be trained for optimal sports performance.
Training and Recovery
- Continuing training without rest will not aid faster recovery from viral illnesses (e.g., colds).
- Stress application followed by relief can improve task performance.
- Overtraining can be indicated by a consistent period of poor performance in training or competitions.
Training Periodization
- Periodization involves dividing pre-season into three 4-week blocks, starting with an easy week, then a medium/hard week, and culminating in the hardest week.
- The principle of reversibility states that stopping training can quickly revert strength, fitness, and body composition to pre-training levels within two weeks.
Off-Season Training
- Off-season training should concentrate on general strength and conditioning similar to the primary sport.
Physical Condition and Fatigue
- Inability to execute movements indicates fatigue.
- Effective warm-up includes 10 to 15 minutes of low-intensity activities and both static and dynamic stretching.
Adolescent Development
- Both genders gain weight during adolescence but increasing height is not always accompanied.
- Maturational variation in athletes means recognition of a necessary adjustment period post-growth spurt.
Anabolic Steroids
- Anabolic steroids can cause feminization in boys and masculinization in girls, along with closing growth plates and halting height increases.
Peak Growth Velocity
- Males typically start growth spurts around age 12, peak height velocity by age 14, and taper off by age 16.
- Females usually begin growth spurts around age 10, peak at age 12, and taper off by age 14.
Healthy Nutrition Access for Students
- Strategies to ensure healthy nutrition include offering healthy snacks post-game, providing high-energy food lists, marking water bottle lines for hydration needs, and giving concrete meal recommendations.
Nutritional Timing
- Fueling the body with high-carbohydrate meals/snacks should occur 3 to 4 hours before practices or games.
- Consuming a carbohydrate/protein snack within 30 minutes post-practice accelerates recovery.
Hydration and Performance
- A small protein amount before or after exercise may stimulate muscle repair and growth.
- Losing 1.5% to 2% of body weight negatively impacts athletic performance.
- Water constitutes 55-65% of a student's body weight, and sweating results in the loss of water and electrolytes.
- Strategies to prevent heat-related illnesses include shortening practices or providing more breaks in hot weather.
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Description
Test your knowledge on energy systems used in sports with this quiz. Explore anaerobic and aerobic glycolysis and understand their significance in athletic performance. Perfect for students and enthusiasts of sports science!
