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In what area does spoken interaction belong?
In what area does spoken interaction belong?
Discourse
The word discourse is derived from the Latin prefix 'dis' meaning 'to run', and the root word 'currere' meaning 'away'.
The word discourse is derived from the Latin prefix 'dis' meaning 'to run', and the root word 'currere' meaning 'away'.
False
What are the two main principles that govern spoken interaction?
What are the two main principles that govern spoken interaction?
What are some examples of verbal fillers?
What are some examples of verbal fillers?
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What is vocabulary commonly defined as?
What is vocabulary commonly defined as?
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Which of these are types of vocabulary?
Which of these are types of vocabulary?
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Which of these is NOT a tier in the vocabulary hierarchy?
Which of these is NOT a tier in the vocabulary hierarchy?
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A person starting school typically knows between 500 to 6,000 English vocabulary words.
A person starting school typically knows between 500 to 6,000 English vocabulary words.
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What word, most commonly used in the English language, means 'a grouping of items'?
What word, most commonly used in the English language, means 'a grouping of items'?
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Give an example of a Tier 3 word, or a low frequency word.
Give an example of a Tier 3 word, or a low frequency word.
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The appropriate use of words is only connected to 'natural speech' and is not impacted by socio-cultural notions.
The appropriate use of words is only connected to 'natural speech' and is not impacted by socio-cultural notions.
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What are some potential issues related to the wrong word choice?
What are some potential issues related to the wrong word choice?
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Using slang is a good way to improve vocabulary because it adds to the variety of words used.
Using slang is a good way to improve vocabulary because it adds to the variety of words used.
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Study Notes
Spoken Interaction
- Spoken interaction is part of discourse
- Discourse is any unit of language, like a dialogue in a conversation or a paragraph in writing.
- Discourse comes from the Latin prefix "dis-" meaning "away" and "currere" meaning "to run," meaning a flow of conversation.
- Spoken or written communication occurs in a social context.
- Spoken interaction often includes discussion amongst people about a particular topic.
- Spoken interaction is a joint social activity that follows certain principles:
- Speakers cooperate.
- Speakers take turns.
Speakers Take Turns
- Turn-taking happens when one speaker listens while another speaks.
- As the conversation progresses, roles of speaker and listener change.
Verbal Fillers
- Verbal fillers are sounds, words, or phrases that do not mean anything in context of a conversation.
- Examples of these fillers include: "umm," "uhh," "hmm."
Vocabulary Enhancement
- Vocabulary is the set of familiar words in a person's language.
- Vocabulary helps in communication and acquiring knowledge.
- It is commonly seen as all the words a person knows and uses.
Types of Vocabulary
- Reading Vocabulary: words a student can read and understand. Strong connection between understanding words and understanding a story.
- Listening Vocabulary: words recognized when listening—speaker's tone and gestures can help with meaning.
- Speaking Vocabulary: words used in speech, generally a portion of the listening vocabulary.
- Writing Vocabulary: words seen in things such as formal essays and social media.
How Many Words People Know
- A person starting school knows about 500-6,000 words.
- A person without a formal education knows around 35,000 words.
- A high school educated person knows around 50,000 words.
- A college educated person knows 50,000 - 75,000 words.
Types of Vocabulary Words (Three Tiers)
- Tier 1 - Basic Words: Simple common words such as: good, new, first, last, long, etc.
- Tier 2 - High Frequency Words: Common high-frequency words used by mature language users with multiple meanings, used in different contexts. (e.g., cluster, sympathy, estimate)
- Tier 3 - Low Frequency Words: Less commonly used words.
Word Choice
- A single word is the simplest part of language.
- Word choice is crucial when attempting to communicate effectively.
- A person's word choice is dependent upon factors like the audience, situation, and purpose.
Importance of Word Choice
- Using incorrect words results in misunderstandings.
- Using incorrect word choice makes situations awkward.
- Using correct word choice adds impact on one's message.
Ways of Improving Word Choice
- Focus on the tone of speech/writing.
- Use a dictionary or thesaurus.
- Consider the audience.
- Improve vocabulary (learn new words).
- Use the words in sentences.
- Properly use nouns, verbs, adjectives, and adverbs.
- Avoid repeating words unnecessarily. Avoid vague or unclear words.
Additional Word Choice Improvements
- Avoid using words solely based on other's use.
- Replace simple words with more specific ones.
- Bias-free language use should be prioritized if necessary.
- Simplify and reword speech and writing before use.
- Use proper diction. Avoid jargon or slang.
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Description
Test your knowledge on the principles of spoken interaction, including turn-taking and the role of verbal fillers in conversation. This quiz covers essential concepts about discourse and social communication. Explore how speakers cooperate in conversations and the importance of vocabulary in spoken exchanges.
