Spirochetes and Treponema Species Quiz

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Questions and Answers

Match the following stages of syphilis with their key characteristics:

Primary Syphilis = Characterized by a painless chancre Secondary Syphilis = Manifests with widespread mucocutaneous lesions and generalized lymphadenopathy Latent Syphilis = Asymptomatic stage where the organism persists in the body Tertiary Syphilis = Divided into gummatous, cardiovascular, and neurosyphilitic manifestations

Match the following features with their corresponding stage of syphilis:

Chancre = Primary Syphilis Gummas = Tertiary Syphilis General Paresis of the Insane = Tertiary Syphilis - Neurosyphilis Widespread mucocutaneous lesions = Secondary Syphilis

Match the following syphilis complications with their associated manifestations:

Cardiovascular Syphilis = Aortic aneurysm formation and incompetence of the aortic valve Gummatous Syphilis = Localized granulomatous inflammation in bones, skin, and subcutaneous tissue Neurosyphilis = Insidious loss of mental and physical functions, mood alterations, and possible general paresis Congenital Syphilis = Stillbirth, bone deformities, blindness, and deafness in newborns

Match the following syphilis tests with their descriptions:

Dark-field microscopy = Direct examination of clinical specimens to identify spirochetes VDRL = Nontreponemal serological test used as a screening test for syphilis Treponemal antibody tests = Confirmatory tests for positive reagin tests Fluorescent antibody testing = Direct examination of clinical specimens to detect spirochetes Signup and view all the answers

Match the following syphilis diagnostic methods with their corresponding applications:

Clinical findings = Observing and evaluating physical signs and symptoms of syphilis Demonstration of spirochetes = Identifying the presence of Treponema pallidum in clinical specimens Serological tests = Detecting antibodies against Treponema pallidum in blood or cerebrospinal fluid Direct examination = Using techniques like dark-field microscopy or fluorescent antibody testing Signup and view all the answers

Match the following syphilis tests with their specific uses:

VDRL = Screening test for syphilis RPR = Screening test for syphilis USR = Screening test for syphilis Treponemal antibody tests = Confirmatory tests for positive reagin tests Signup and view all the answers

Match the following terms associated with syphilis with their definitions:

Reagin = Antibody formed against cardiolipin, found in syphilitic sera Prozone = False negative results in serological tests due to excess antibody concentrations Cardiolipin = Lipid antigen used in nontreponemal syphilis tests Nontreponemal tests = Serological tests that detect reagin antibodies Signup and view all the answers

Match the following characteristics with their corresponding stage of syphilis:

Painless chancre = Primary Syphilis Widespread mucocutaneous lesions = Secondary Syphilis Asymptomatic stage = Latent Syphilis Gummas = Tertiary Syphilis Signup and view all the answers

Match the following manifestations of tertiary syphilis with their corresponding subtypes:

Gummas = Gummatous syphilis Aortic aneurysm = Cardiovascular syphilis General paresis = Neurosyphilis Tabes dorsalis = Neurosyphilis Signup and view all the answers

Match the following syphilis complications with their respective effects:

Aortic aneurysm = Weakening of the aortic wall leading to dilation and potential rupture General paresis = Progressive loss of mental and physical functions, leading to dementia Tabes dorsalis = Degeneration of the lower spinal cord, leading to sensory disturbances and gait difficulties Congenital syphilis = Stillbirth, bone deformities, blindness, and deafness in newborns Signup and view all the answers

Match the following clinical presentations with their corresponding stages of congenital syphilis:

Hemorrhagic rhinitis = Early onset congenital syphilis Hutchinson's incisors = Late onset congenital syphilis Bone deformities = Late onset congenital syphilis Skin rashes = Early onset congenital syphilis Signup and view all the answers

Match the following syphilis-related terms with their meanings:

Chancre = Primary lesion of syphilis, typically painless and ulcerative Chancroid = Painful ulcer caused by Haemophilus ducreyi or Streptobacillus, often mistaken for syphilis Rhagades = Linear scars or fissures found around the mouth in congenital syphilis Hutchinson's incisors = Notched or peg-shaped incisors, a characteristic feature of congenital syphilis Signup and view all the answers

Match the following syphilis treatments with their corresponding descriptions:

Penicillin = Treatment of choice for all stages of syphilis Antibiotics = Effective for curing syphilis infection and halting its progression Therapy = May not fully reverse existing damage caused by syphilis Prevention = Includes safe sex practices and regular screening for syphilis Signup and view all the answers

Match the following syphilis-related information with their relevant details:

Transmission = Primary transmission through direct contact with a syphilis sore Signup and view all the answers

Match the symptoms with their corresponding condition:

Sore throat = Gonorrhea Redness in the throat = Gonorrhea Fever = N. meningitidis Swollen lymph nodes in the neck = Gonorrhea Signup and view all the answers

Match the testing method with the bacteria it identifies:

Thayer Martin agar = N. gonorrhoeae Oxidase test = All Neisseria species Carbohydrate glucose test = N. gonorrhoeae Chloramphenicol = N. meningitidis Signup and view all the answers

Match the treatment with the corresponding bacteria:

Ceftriaxone = N. gonorrhoeae Penicillin = N. meningitidis Rifampicin = Prevention of N. meningitidis Chloramphenicol = N. meningitidis Signup and view all the answers

Match the prevention method with the relevant bacteria:

Contact tracing = N. gonorrhoeae Education = N. gonorrhoeae Prophylaxis = N. meningitidis Vaccination = N. meningitidis Signup and view all the answers

Match the agar component with its purpose:

Vancomycin = Inhibits Gram-positive bacteria Colistin = Inhibits Gram-negative bacteria Nystatin = Inhibits fungi TMP-SM = Inhibits various bacteria Signup and view all the answers

Match the genus of spirochetes with their associated diseases:

Treponema = Yaws Borrelia = Syphilis Leptospira = Lyme disease Signup and view all the answers

Match the type of syphilis stage with its description:

Primary = Lesion is a chancre Secondary = Rash and systemic symptoms Tertiary = Organ damage and gummas Congenital = Transmission from mother to fetus Signup and view all the answers

Match the Treponema subspecies to their respective diseases:

T. pallidum ssp. pallidum = Bejel T. pallidum ssp. endemicum = Pinta T. pallidum ssp. pertenue = Yaws T. caratenum = Syphilis Signup and view all the answers

Match the feature of spirochetes with its explanation:

Corkscrew motility = Movement by axial filaments Gram-negative = Staining characteristic Aerobic = Requires oxygen for growth Anaerobic = Grows without oxygen Signup and view all the answers

Match each spirochete genus with their identification method:

Treponema = Silver impregnation Borrelia = Blood smear Leptospira = Serological testing Signup and view all the answers

Match the transmission method with the corresponding spirochete disease:

Syphilis = Close sexual contact Yaws = Direct contact from skin lesions Leptospirosis = Contaminated water exposure Lyme disease = Tick bites Signup and view all the answers

Match the general characteristic of Treponema with its detail:

Shape = Regularly coiled Visibility = Requires darkfield microscopy Motility = Flagella in periplasmic space Environment = Susceptible to heat and drying Signup and view all the answers

Match the species with their primary method of diagnosis:

T.pallidum = Microscopic examination of lesions T.pertunue = Serological tests T.caratenum = Observation of symptoms B.burgdorferi = Serological testing for Lyme disease Signup and view all the answers

Match the following bacteria with their associated diseases:

Borrelia burgdorferi = Lyme disease Borrelia recurrentis = Relapsing fever Leptospira interrogans = Leptospirosis Neisseria gonorrhoeae = Gonorrhea Signup and view all the answers

Match the following spirochetes with their characteristics:

Leptospira interrogans = Finely coiled with hooked ends Borrelia burgdorferi = Not easily visualized in culture Borrelia recurrentis = Demonstrated in blood smear Treponema pallidum = Possible cross-reactivity with yaws Signup and view all the answers

Match the following treatment options with their respective bacteria:

Doxycycline = Borrelia spp. Penicillin = Leptospira interrogans Erythromycin = Tetracycline-allergic patients Ceftriaxone = Neisseria gonorrhoeae Signup and view all the answers

Match the following modes of transmission with the respective diseases:

Gonorrhea = Sexual contact Leptospirosis = Contact with contaminated urine Lyme disease = Hard tick bite Relapsing fever = Body lice Signup and view all the answers

Match the following laboratory identification methods with the respective bacteria:

Giemsa stain = Borrelia recurrentis Serologic testing = Leptospira interrogans Chocolate agar = Neisseria gonorrhoeae Darkfield microscopy = Leptospira spp. Signup and view all the answers

Match the following characteristics with the respective bacteria:

Neisseria meningitidis = Capsulated Neisseria gonorrhoeae = Non-capsulated Leptospira biflexa = Free living species Borrelia spp. = Complex nutritional requirements Signup and view all the answers

Match the following symptoms with the respective diseases:

Heavy periods or spotting = Gonorrhea in females Persistent sore throat = Gonorrhea in males Joint pains = Lyme disease Fever and abdominal pain = Relapsing fever Signup and view all the answers

Match the following organisms with their morphological features:

Neisseria gonorrhoeae = Gram negative diplococci Leptospira interrogans = Rotational motility Borrelia spp. = Coiled spirochetes Treponema pallidum = Possible cross-reactivity with other species Signup and view all the answers

Match the following prevention strategies with the associated diseases:

Avoid vector contact = Lyme disease Contact tracing = Gonorrhea Doxycycline post-exposure = Leptospirosis Avoidance of lice = Relapsing fever Signup and view all the answers

Match the following pathogenesis features with their respective diseases:

Evasion of host antibodies = Relapsing fever Localized in liver and kidney = Leptospirosis Slow progression with erythema chronicum migrans = Lyme disease Inhibition of phagocytosis = Neisseria meningitidis Signup and view all the answers

Match the following strains or serotypes with their related descriptions:

Leptospira interrogans serotype icterohaemorrhagiae = Causes Weil's disease Borrelia burgdorferi = Associated with ticks Borrelia recurrentis = Spread by lice Neisseria meningitidis type A and C = Identified by latex agglutination test Signup and view all the answers

Match the following complications with their related diseases:

Pelvic inflammatory disease = Gonorrhea Hematogenous spread = Leptospirosis Ectopic pregnancy = Gonorrhea complications Antigen switching = Relapsing fever Signup and view all the answers

Match the following patient demographics with their associated concerns:

Pregnant women = Serological testing for syphilis Patients with Lyme disease = Joint pain and fatigue Gonorrhea in infants = Conjunctivitis during childbirth Leptospirosis in endemic areas = Subclinical infections Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Spirochetes: What are they?

Long, slender, tightly coiled bacteria that are gram-negative, with corkscrew motility. They can be aerobic, microaerophilic, or anaerobic and can be free-living or parasitic.

Axial Filaments: What are they?

These are thread-like structures that are similar to bacterial flagella. They enable the spirochete to move by rotating in place.