Podcast
Questions and Answers
The anterior ramus of the 1st thoracic (T1) spinal nerve first divides into a large superior and a small ______ part.
The anterior ramus of the 1st thoracic (T1) spinal nerve first divides into a large superior and a small ______ part.
inferior
The superior part joins the brachial plexus, while the inferior part becomes the 1st ______ nerve.
The superior part joins the brachial plexus, while the inferior part becomes the 1st ______ nerve.
intercostal
The 1st and 2nd intercostal nerves course on the internal surface of the 1st and 2nd ______.
The 1st and 2nd intercostal nerves course on the internal surface of the 1st and 2nd ______.
ribs
The 1st intercostal nerve has no anterior cutaneous branch and often no ______ cutaneous branch.
The 1st intercostal nerve has no anterior cutaneous branch and often no ______ cutaneous branch.
When present, the lateral cutaneous branch supplies the skin of the ______ and may communicate with other nerves.
When present, the lateral cutaneous branch supplies the skin of the ______ and may communicate with other nerves.
The 2nd intercostal nerve gives rise to a large lateral cutaneous branch called the ______ nerve.
The 2nd intercostal nerve gives rise to a large lateral cutaneous branch called the ______ nerve.
The 7th–11th intercostal nerves become thoraco-abdominal nerves of the anterior ______ wall.
The 7th–11th intercostal nerves become thoraco-abdominal nerves of the anterior ______ wall.
Their anterior cutaneous branches pierce the ______ sheath.
Their anterior cutaneous branches pierce the ______ sheath.
The intercostobrachial nerve usually supplies the floor of the axilla and communicates with the medial cutaneous nerve of the ______.
The intercostobrachial nerve usually supplies the floor of the axilla and communicates with the medial cutaneous nerve of the ______.
What is the primary function of the superior part of the T1 spinal nerve?
What is the primary function of the superior part of the T1 spinal nerve?
Describe the atypical feature of the course of the 1st and 2nd intercostal nerves.
Describe the atypical feature of the course of the 1st and 2nd intercostal nerves.
What significant branches does the 2nd intercostal nerve give rise to?
What significant branches does the 2nd intercostal nerve give rise to?
What happens to the 7th–11th intercostal nerves as they supply the abdominal region?
What happens to the 7th–11th intercostal nerves as they supply the abdominal region?
What characteristic of the 1st intercostal nerve sets it apart from other intercostal nerves?
What characteristic of the 1st intercostal nerve sets it apart from other intercostal nerves?
How does the lateral cutaneous branch of the 2nd intercostal nerve contribute to innervation?
How does the lateral cutaneous branch of the 2nd intercostal nerve contribute to innervation?
What structure do the anterior cutaneous branches of the 7th–11th intercostal nerves pierce?
What structure do the anterior cutaneous branches of the 7th–11th intercostal nerves pierce?
What is a common feature of the cutaneous supply from the 1st intercostal nerve when present?
What is a common feature of the cutaneous supply from the 1st intercostal nerve when present?
In terms of their location, where do the 7th–11th intercostal nerves continue their path after the costal margin?
In terms of their location, where do the 7th–11th intercostal nerves continue their path after the costal margin?
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Study Notes
Spinal Nerve Anatomy
- The anterior ramus of the 1st thoracic (T1) spinal nerve bifurcates into a large superior and a small inferior part.
- The superior part integrates with the brachial plexus, vital for upper limb innervation.
- The inferior part becomes the 1st intercostal nerve.
Atypical Features of Intercostal Nerves
- 1st and 2nd intercostal nerves run along the internal surface of the 1st and 2nd ribs, differing from typical pathways through costal grooves.
- The 1st intercostal nerve typically lacks an anterior cutaneous branch and may not have a lateral cutaneous branch.
- When present, the lateral cutaneous branch of the 1st intercostal nerve innervates the axilla skin and may connect with the intercostobrachial nerve or the medial cutaneous nerve of the arm.
Intercostobrachial Nerve
- The 2nd intercostal nerve provides a significant lateral cutaneous branch, called the intercostobrachial nerve.
- The intercostobrachial nerve exits from the 2nd intercostal space at the midaxillary line (MAL) and travels into the axilla and arm.
- It typically innervates the floor of the axilla and collaborates with the medial cutaneous nerve of the arm.
Thoraco-Abdominal Nerves
- The 7th to 11th intercostal nerves, after branching laterally, extend across the costal margin to supply abdominal skin and muscles, transitioning from intercostal to thoraco-abdominal nerves.
- Anterior cutaneous branches of these nerves penetrate the rectus sheath, indicating their role in abdominal wall innervation.
Spinal Nerve Anatomy
- The anterior ramus of the 1st thoracic (T1) spinal nerve bifurcates into a large superior and a small inferior part.
- The superior part integrates with the brachial plexus, vital for upper limb innervation.
- The inferior part becomes the 1st intercostal nerve.
Atypical Features of Intercostal Nerves
- 1st and 2nd intercostal nerves run along the internal surface of the 1st and 2nd ribs, differing from typical pathways through costal grooves.
- The 1st intercostal nerve typically lacks an anterior cutaneous branch and may not have a lateral cutaneous branch.
- When present, the lateral cutaneous branch of the 1st intercostal nerve innervates the axilla skin and may connect with the intercostobrachial nerve or the medial cutaneous nerve of the arm.
Intercostobrachial Nerve
- The 2nd intercostal nerve provides a significant lateral cutaneous branch, called the intercostobrachial nerve.
- The intercostobrachial nerve exits from the 2nd intercostal space at the midaxillary line (MAL) and travels into the axilla and arm.
- It typically innervates the floor of the axilla and collaborates with the medial cutaneous nerve of the arm.
Thoraco-Abdominal Nerves
- The 7th to 11th intercostal nerves, after branching laterally, extend across the costal margin to supply abdominal skin and muscles, transitioning from intercostal to thoraco-abdominal nerves.
- Anterior cutaneous branches of these nerves penetrate the rectus sheath, indicating their role in abdominal wall innervation.
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