21. Functional Anatomy of the Cervical Intervertebral Disk

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Questions and Answers

Which diagnostic tool is most commonly used to confirm a disc herniation?

  • MRI (correct)
  • X-ray
  • CT scan
  • Ultrasound

What is the main cause of a disc herniation?

  • Age-related degeneration
  • Poor posture
  • Excessive strain or trauma (correct)
  • Lifting heavy weights

Which statement about disc herniation is true?

  • All disc herniations require surgery
  • Disc herniations are caused by inflammation
  • Disc herniations always result in severe pain
  • Most minor herniations heal within several weeks (correct)

Which region of the spine is the most common site for spinal disc herniations?

<p>Lumbar (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which nerve is most commonly affected by a lumbar disc herniation?

<p>Sciatic nerve (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In which region of the neck do cervical disc herniations occur most frequently?

<p>C5-C6 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the incidence rate of intradural disc herniation?

<p>0.2-2.2% (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a common symptom of a herniated disc?

<p>Severe and unrelenting neck pain or low back pain (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main cause of spinal disc herniation?

<p>Degeneration of the intervertebral disc (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the condition called when a herniated disc in the lumbar spine causes radiating nerve pain in the lower extremities or groin area and is associated with bowel or bladder incontinence?

<p>Cauda equina syndrome (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the contents of a herniated disc when the confining membrane ruptures?

<p>They move into the spinal canal and press against the spinal nerves (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of dermatomes?

<p>The pattern of dermatomes is the same in all individuals (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used to describe an area of skin innervated by a single nerve?

<p>Peripheral nerve field (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following can indicate a pathology involving a related nerve root?

<p>Pain or a rash that follows a dermatome (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which dermatome is located on the medial (ulnar) side of the antecubital fossa, just distal to the medial epicondyle of the humerus?

<p>T1 (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which dermatome is located on the dorsum of the foot at the third metatarsophalangeal joint?

<p>L5 (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which dermatome is located at the apex of the axilla?

<p>T2 (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which cranial nerve is associated with herpes zoster ophthalmicus?

<p>V1 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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