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Which structure is located at the bottom of the sella turcica on the superior surface of the sphenoid bone?
What does the anterior portion of the inferior surface of the sphenoid bone form?
The clivus is bordered on the medial side by which structure?
Which groove does the anterior side of the sphenoidal jugum hold?
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What does the anterior surface of the sphenoid bone form?
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Study Notes
Sphenoid Bone Structure
- Sphenoid bone is irregularly cuboid in shape, with six surfaces: superior, inferior, anterior, posterior, and two lateral surfaces.
Superior Surface
- Forms the sella turcica (Turkish saddle).
- Sella turcica has a rounded fossa, the hypophyseal fossa, which houses the pituitary gland (hypophysis).
- Sella turcica is bordered by the tuberculum sellae (anteriorly) and the dorsum sellae (posteriorly).
Anterior Surface
- Chiasmatic sulcus is a wide groove located in front of the hypophyseal fossa, corresponding to the optic chiasm.
- Chiasmatic sulcus ends laterally with the optic canals, through which the optic nerve and ophthalmic artery pass.
Anterior to the Chiasmatic Sulcus
- Sphenoidal jugum is a quadrangular depression that continues laterally with the small wing.
Lateral Surface
- Olfactory tract lies on the medial edge of the sphenoidal jugum.
- Ethmoid spine is held by a groove on the anterior side of the sphenoidal jugum.
- Sphenoidal limb separates the sphenoidal jugum from the chiasmatic sulcus posteriorly.
Posterior Surface
- Forms the anterior wall of the hypophyseal fossa and the posterior wall of the clivus.
- Clivus is a large, deep groove bordered by the posterior surface of the sphenoid bone (medially) and the anterior surface of the petrous portion of the temporal bone (laterally).
Lateral Surface of the Sphenoid Bone
- Contains a groove for the internal carotid artery (sulcus caroticus).
Inferior Surface
- Forms the roof of the nasal cavity.
- Sphenoidal rostrum is a pointed projection at the end of the anterior portion of the inferior surface.
- Sphenoidal crest is a medial ridge that joins the vomer.
- Lateral portions of the inferior surface include two grooved wings (sphenoidal conchae) and openings leading to the vomervaginal canal and sphenoidal sinus.
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Description
This quiz covers the structure and features of the sphenoid bone, including its superior surface, sella turcica, and hypophyseal fossa.
