Introduction to Human Anatomy Part II: The Skeleton

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Questions and Answers

What is the main role of the appendicular skeleton?

Provide the body with mobility

How many bones does the adult skeleton have?

206

What is the primary function of the skeletal system?

Support

What contributes to the strength of bone?

<p>Calcium and phosphorus</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which part of the body does the axial skeleton mainly protect?

<p>Vital internal organs</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does red bone marrow manufacture?

<p>Blood cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of bone consists mainly of adipose cells?

<p>Spongy bone</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of bone appears as a solid mass?

<p>Compact bone</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of bones are tough and heavy, taking 80% of the weight of the skeleton?

<p>Compact bones</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of bone is generally thin and composed of two nearly parallel plates of compact bone enclosing a layer of spongy bone?

<p>Flat bone</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which bones protect organs in the thorax and afford considerable protection for muscle attachment?

<p>Flat bones</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of bones cannot be grouped into any of the previously described categories and often vary in the amounts of spongy and compact bone they contain?

<p>Irregular bones</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where does bone marrow occupy the marrow cavity in long and short bones?

<p>In both long and short bones</p> Signup and view all the answers

At birth, what is the marrow of all the bones of the body?

<p>Red and hematopoietic</p> Signup and view all the answers

What do sesamoid bones develop in certain tendons that cross the ends of long bones in the limbs protect tendons from?

<p>Excessive wear</p> Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Appendicular Skeleton

  • The main role of the appendicular skeleton is to facilitate movement and support the body's appendages (limbs).

Axial Skeleton

  • The axial skeleton mainly protects the central nervous system, including the brain and spinal cord.

Skeletal System

  • The primary function of the skeletal system is to provide support, protection, and movement for the body.

Bone Structure

  • Bone strength is contributed by the combination of organic and inorganic components.
  • Compact bones are dense and tough, making up 80% of the skeleton's weight.
  • Cancellous (spongy) bones are lightweight and porous, composed mainly of adipose cells.
  • Compact bones appear as solid masses.
  • Flat bones are thin and composed of two nearly parallel plates of compact bone enclosing a layer of spongy bone.

Bone Marrow

  • Red bone marrow manufactures blood cells.
  • At birth, the marrow of all bones is red and functional, gradually becoming inactive in certain bones with age.

Other Bone Types

  • Irregular bones cannot be categorized into any specific type, varying in amounts of spongy and compact bone.
  • Sesamoid bones develop in certain tendons that cross the ends of long bones in the limbs, protecting tendons from friction and wear.

Bone Cavities

  • Bone marrow occupies the marrow cavity in long and short bones.

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