أسئلة الثانية امبريولوجي (قبل التعديل)

<p>480</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Giant sperms are significantly larger than typical sperms</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To assist in penetrating the egg</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Four</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Contains haploid chromosomes and acrosome</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Prostate, seminal vesicle, and bulbourethral glands</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Azo-spermia</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Mitochondrial sheath</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>200 - 600 million/ml</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Neutralizes acidity</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Four daughter cells each with half the number of chromosomes as the parent cell</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Turner syndrome resulting in monosomy</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To reduce the number of chromosomes from diploid to haploid</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>In the seminiferous tubules of the testis</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Creation of an individual with trisomy, such as Down syndrome</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Growth and tissue repair in autosomal cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Generates four genetically different daughter cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Produces genetically identical daughter cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>23 chromosomes with 2n DNA</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>2 million primary oocytes with 4n DNA</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It degenerates along with the polar body.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Undergoing mitosis and doubling DNA content</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It is discarded and does not contribute to fertilization.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>46 chromosomes, tetraploid</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Principal piece</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It contains fructose for sperm nutrition.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Second meiosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Physical changes in spermatids to form mature sperm.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Oligospermia</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Acrosome</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>White</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Meiosis produces four daughter cells.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It can lead to conditions such as Turner syndrome.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To transform spermatogonia into viable sperm.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>46 total chromosomes with an extra chromosome 21.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>During meiosis.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Mitosis is used for growth and repair in somatic cells.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It can lead to genetic conditions such as Klinefelter syndrome.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Continuously from puberty throughout life.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Necrospermia refers to the presence of dead sperms, which may negatively impact fertility by reducing the likelihood of successful fertilization.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Having about 2 million primary oocytes indicates a vast potential for ovulation, but by puberty, this number significantly decreases to around 40,000.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The first polar body may either degenerate or, in rare instances, participate in fertilization, but it generally does not contribute to the formation of a viable ovum.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>If fertilization occurs, the secondary oocyte completes the second meiosis, resulting in a mature ovum and a second polar body.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Dwarf sperms are smaller in size, while giant sperms are larger, which may impact their motility and ability to reach and fertilize the egg.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Spermatogonia undergo mitosis to form daughter spermatogonia.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Spermatids undergo morphological changes to become mature sperm, including the formation of the acrosome and shedding excess cytoplasm.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Each secondary spermatocyte gives rise to two spermatids.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Sperms from the testis and fluid from the prostate, seminal vesicle, and bulbourethral glands.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Meiosis produces 4 daughter cells, while mitosis produces 2 daughter cells.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Fructose serves as a source of nutrition for sperm.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Meiosis occurs in germ cells, and its primary purpose is for reproduction.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Seminal fluid neutralizes vaginal acidity, creating a more favorable environment for sperm survival and motility.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Normal sperm count ranges from 200 to 600 million; counts lower than 20 million/ml indicate oligospermia.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Nondisjunction can lead to trisomy or monosomy in the resulting gametes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The centriole elongates to form the tail, and mitochondria form a sheath surrounding the proximal part of the tail.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Spermatogenesis occurs in the seminiferous tubules of the testes and is significant for the production of sperm.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Gametogenesis prepares germ cells for fertilization by reducing the chromosome number from diploid to haploid.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Down syndrome and Turner syndrome are two conditions caused by abnormal gametes from nondisjunction.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Halving the chromosome number during meiosis is crucial for ensuring genetic stability across generations.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Daughter cells produced by mitosis have the same number of chromosomes as the parent cell, while those produced by meiosis have half.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Primary spermatocytes have a diploid DNA composition with 46 chromosomes (4n DNA).</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The tail elongates as the centriole develops into the tail structure.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Fructose aids in sperm nutrition and is essential for motility.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Spermatids are haploid with 23 chromosomes, containing either 22 autosomes plus an X or Y chromosome.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The Golgi apparatus forms the acrosome, which is essential for penetration during fertilization.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Healthy males produce 200-600 million sperms in a volume of 3-5 cc per ejaculation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Azoospermia is the absence of sperm, and oligospermia occurs when sperm count is less than 20 million/ml.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The acrosome facilitates the sperm's ability to penetrate the egg during fertilization.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Daughter cells have half the number of chromosomes compared to the parent cell.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It can result in conditions such as Down syndrome (trisomy 21) or Turner syndrome (monosomy).</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The process takes about 2 months.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Nondisjunction typically occurs during meiosis.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Mitosis results in two identical daughter cells while meiosis produces four genetically diverse daughter cells.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Gametogenesis occurs in the gonads, which are the testes in males and ovaries in females.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Trisomy refers to an individual having three copies of a particular chromosome instead of the usual two.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The second meiotic division produces haploid cells, each with one copy of each chromosome.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It preserves the genetic material and prepares the oocyte for potential fertilization later in life.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Polar bodies allow for the conservation of cytoplasm in the developing ovum while reducing chromosome number.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>If fertilized, the secondary oocyte completes meiosis; if not, it degenerates.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Giant sperms may display impaired motility, while dwarf sperms might lack necessary size for successful penetration of the ovum.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The reduction from about 2 million to 40,000 at puberty indicates a finite ovarian reserve that impacts fertility.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The arrest of primary oocytes in prophase allows them to remain viable for potential fertilization later in life while conserving resources for eventual maturation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Necrospermia, characterized by the presence of dead sperm, significantly reduces fertility potential as it decreases the likelihood of successful fertilization.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The first polar body serves mainly to discard the extra set of chromosomes during the first meiotic division, allowing the secondary oocyte to retain the necessary genetic material.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The limited development of around 480 secondary oocytes during a female's reproductive life may reflect an evolutionary strategy to optimize resource allocation and reproductive success.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Abnormal sperm shapes can hinder motility and the ability to fertilize an egg, potentially leading to decreased fertility or increased difficulty in achieving conception.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Meiosis produces 4 daughter cells, while mitosis produces 2 daughter cells.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Nondisjunction can result in gametes with an abnormal number of chromosomes, leading to conditions like trisomy or monosomy.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The purpose of gametogenesis is to reduce the chromosome number from diploid to haploid.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Spermatogenesis occurs in the seminiferous tubules of the testis, producing sperm from spermatogonia.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Advanced maternal age increases the likelihood of errors during meiosis, leading to nondisjunction due to prolonged exposure of oocytes to environmental factors.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>During meiosis I, homologous chromosomes are separated, while meiosis II separates sister chromatids.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Conditions include Down syndrome (trisomy 21) and Turner syndrome (monosomy X).</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The final product includes four sperm cells from one primary spermatocyte after two meiotic divisions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Spermatids have a haploid number of chromosomes, consisting of 23 chromosomes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Mature sperm consists of the head (contains genetic material), neck (houses the centriole), and tail (provides motility).</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The Golgi apparatus forms the acrosome, which covers the anterior two-thirds of the sperm's head.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Most of the cytoplasm is shed during spermiogenesis, resulting in a streamlined sperm structure.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The alkaline reaction of seminal fluid neutralizes vaginal acidity, enhancing sperm survival.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Seminal fluid contains fructose for nutrition and has an alkaline reaction for improved sperm survival.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Azoospermia indicates absent sperm, while oligospermia refers to a sperm count of less than 20 million/ml.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Primary spermatocytes undergo the first meiotic division to produce two secondary spermatocytes.</p> Signup and view all the answers