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Questions and Answers
What are the five types of speech styles according to Martin Joos?
What are the five types of speech styles according to Martin Joos?
Frozen, Formal, Consultative, Casual, Intimate
Give an example of a situation where frozen style speech is commonly used.
Give an example of a situation where frozen style speech is commonly used.
Shakespearean plays
What is a characteristic of formal style speech?
What is a characteristic of formal style speech?
Uses formal words and expressions, disallows ellipsis and contractions
Describe consultative style of speech.
Describe consultative style of speech.
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When is casual style speech typically used?
When is casual style speech typically used?
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What characterizes intimate style of speech?
What characterizes intimate style of speech?
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Which speech style uses complex grammatical structures and vocabulary known by experts in the field?
Which speech style uses complex grammatical structures and vocabulary known by experts in the field?
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In which type of speech style is listener participation continuous?
In which type of speech style is listener participation continuous?
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What is a key feature of casual style speech?
What is a key feature of casual style speech?
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Which speech style is often used in formal ceremonies like Shakespearean plays and funerals?
Which speech style is often used in formal ceremonies like Shakespearean plays and funerals?
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What is a key characteristic of formal speech style?
What is a key characteristic of formal speech style?
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In which speech style does the listener participate continuously?
In which speech style does the listener participate continuously?
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Which speech style typically involves an economy of words and a high chance of nonverbal communication?
Which speech style typically involves an economy of words and a high chance of nonverbal communication?
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Which speech style is described by using formal words and expressions and is mostly seen in writing rather than speaking?
Which speech style is described by using formal words and expressions and is mostly seen in writing rather than speaking?
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What is a common situation where casual style speech is typically used?
What is a common situation where casual style speech is typically used?
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Which speech style uses the highest form of communicative style with complex grammatical structures and vocabulary known by experts in the field?
Which speech style uses the highest form of communicative style with complex grammatical structures and vocabulary known by experts in the field?
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In which type of speech does the speaker supply background information while the listener participates continuously?
In which type of speech does the speaker supply background information while the listener participates continuously?
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What distinguishes Intimate Style from other speech styles?
What distinguishes Intimate Style from other speech styles?
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Study Notes
Speech Style
- Refers to the form of language used by a speaker, characterized by the level of formality.
- Identified into five types by Martin Joos (1976): frozen, formal, consultative, casual, and intimate.
Five Types of Speech Style
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Frozen Style: highest form of communicative style, used in respectful situations or formal ceremonies (e.g. Shakespearean plays, weddings, funerals).
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Uses complex grammatical sentence structure and vocabulary known only by experts in the field.
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Formal Style: uses formal words and expressions, mostly seen in writing rather than speaking.
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Disallows the use of ellipsis, contractions, and qualifying modal adverbials.
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Consultative Style: third level of language, characterized by unplanned speech with speaker participation and feedback from the listener.
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Speaker supplies background information, while the listener participates continuously.
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Casual Style: also known as informal style, used between friends or insiders who have things to share.
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Characterized by free and easy participation of both speaker and listener.
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Intimate Style: used in talks between two very close individuals, described by an economy of words, with a high chance of nonverbal communication.
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Description
Learn about the five speech styles identified by linguist Martin Joos: frozen, formal, consultative, casual, and intimate. Understand how each style varies in formality and usage in different situations.
